Quantitative spectrochemical analysis of solution plasma in aromatic molecules

Abstract

A nonthermal plasma produced at atmospheric pressure in the gas resulted from the surrounding liquid is named solution plasma (SP). A quantitative and comparative spectrochemical analysis of the plasma gas and solution in benzene, pyridine, and aniline is performed. The number densities of dicarbon and cyano radicals and hydrogen molecule from the plasma gas are measured using a cheap, straightforward, and home-made optical set-up. By simply modifying the optical set-up, the molar concentration of newly formed chemical compounds is in situ obtained in the solution. The thermodynamic properties of aromatic molecules determine the electrical breakdown and the species number densities in the plasma gas. The production rate and atomic composition of carbon material are correlated with the radicals from plasma gas.

Plasma–Solution Junction for the Formation of Carbon Material

“…The emission peaks obtained by SROES from four solutions, as shown in Figure 3ad, exhibited Swan bands, representing the decomposition of the benzene ring structure into C2 radicals and Hα emission, indicating the abstracted hydrogen atoms [32,37]. The CN radical peaks also appeared, which could refer to the dissociation of the C6H5-NH bond of aniline [16]. The ratios between the characteristic peaks of the emitted specie were almost the same, which implied that there was not a significant difference in the temperature of the plasma in the four dielectric solutions.…”

Submerged Discharges in Liquids for Nanoobject Synthesis: Expectations and Capabilities

“…Nitrogen is an important element for this purpose and has been extensively studied. Precursors such as pyridine (C5H5N) [20,38,43,82], aniline (C6H5NH2) [129], APTES (i.e., SiO3(C2H5)3C3H6NH2 or 3aminopropyltriethoxysilane) [72] or DMF (i.e., C3H7NO or N,N-dimethylformamide) [58,59] can be used to introduce nitrogen atoms (see Fig. 7a).…”

“…7a). Bratescu et al [129] demonstrated that discharges in aniline result in much lower concentrations of CN radicals compared with discharges in pyridine.…”

Nanoarchitectonics Solution Plasma Polymerization of Amino-Rich Carbon Nanosorbents for Use in Enhanced Fluoride Removal

“…The simultaneous syntheses and surface modifications of carbon materials via SP processes have rarely been investigated because of the deterioration of the functional groups of the precursors. Cyclic precursors containing various functional groups, such as methyl (toluene), 22 trifluoromethyl (trifluorotoluene), 22 amino (aniline), 23 and nitroso (nitrobenzene) 24 groups, have been employed as starting materials in fabricating carbon. During electron transfer at the reaction site, the chemical functional group is deteriorated by the high energy required to form the element.…”

“…During electron transfer at the reaction site, the chemical functional group is deteriorated by the high energy required to form the element. Subsequently, the generated element is incorporated into the carbon framework, resulting in multielement-doped carbon formation. − Therefore, synthesizing carbon materials via single-step carbonization and surface modification using the SP process is a critical challenge, and success may represent a breakthrough in the field of materials science.…”