Quantitative Studies of the Effect of Red-Blood-Cell Sensitization on in Vivo Hemolysis*

Quantitative immunology of immune hemolytic anemia

“…These findings corroborate single studies by Constatoulakis et al (6) and by Jandl and Kaplan (15). The former group found that cells from a patient with immune hemolytic anemia survived longer in a splenectomized patient than in an unsplenectomized patient.…”

“…These investigators used much higher concentrations of antibody and observed much more rapid rates of red cell destruction. Constantoulakis, Costea, Schwartz, and Dameshek measured the amount of antibody on the red cells of patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia using an antiIgG labeled with 'I and sought to relate the level of antibody to the red cell life span as measured by 51Cr (6).…”

“…When complement is fixed, direct cytolysis may account for a small part of the cellular destruction. The rate of hemolysis in patients with hemolytic anemia due to warm-reacting antibody may vary greatly, and a relationship between the degree of anemia or the rate of hemolysis and the amount of antibody on the red cell surface has been suspected but has not been established (5,6). The investigation of this relationship has been hampered by the difficulty in determining the amount of antibody on the cells and in the serum of patients with this disease.…”

“…The investigation of this relationship has been hampered by the difficulty in determining the amount of antibody on the cells and in the serum of patients with this disease. The amount of antibody on the cell has been estimated by elution (7), with radiolabeled antiglobulin (6) and, more recently, by an indirect estimate of the amount of anti-IgG which adheres to cells coated with IgG (8).…”

Chronic Hemolytic Anemia due to Cold Agglutinins: the Mechanism of Resistance of Red Cells to C′ Hemolysis by Cold Agglutinins*

“…Concomitantly, the degree of agglutination of the incubated cells in dilutions of anti-,l,.-and anti-Pie-antibody increased. These observations suggest that the reaction between anti-,81,-and anti-,Pie-antibodies and their respective antigens will prove to be stoichiometric, as has been shown to be true of anti-yG and incomplete -yG antibodies adsorbed to red cells (26,27).…”