Quantitative temperature records of mid Cretaceous hothouse: Evidence from halite fluid inclusions

Zhang, Hua; Liu, Chenglin; Zhao, Y. M.; Mischke, Steffen; Fang, Xiaomin; Ding, Tao

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.07.022

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…All halite samples were placed in an airtight plastic box, and desiccant was added for moisture protection. In this study, we utilized the cooling nucleation method outlined in previous studies 46,48,49,52,54–57,70 . Samples were placed in a Haier freezer for one to two weeks at a stable temperature of −18 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cooling nucleation method has been widely used for paleotemperature reconstruction in geological periods, including the Precambrian 49 , Silurian 50,51 , Permian 52,53 , Cretaceous 54,55 , Paleogene 56,57 , and Quaternary 3,46 . In this study, following detailed petrographic observations of halite samples from the salt field and a drill core in Lop Nur, the cooling nucleation method was used to obtain the homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paleoclimatic information recorded in fluid inclusions in halites from Lop Nur, Western China

Sun

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The homogenization temperature (Th) of primary fluid inclusions in halite can be used for paleoclimate interpretations. Lop Nur, in Central Asia, is an extremely arid zone where large amounts of glauberite were deposited from the late Middle to Late Pleistocene. This deposition was accompanied by formation of large-scale potash-bearing brines. However, quantitative paleotemperature data are still lacking, hindering reconstruction of Quaternary climate conditions and their control over potash formation. We measured the Th of inclusions in halite from the salt field and the top of Upper Pleistocene strata in Lop Nur. The maximum homogenization temperature (Th MAX) of inclusions in halite from the salt field was 41.1 °C, consistent with the maximum ambient temperature (43.4 °C) in the same period. The Th MAX of inclusions in halite from the Upper Pleistocene strata ranged from 35.6 °C to 43 °C, where maximum air temperatures may have reached 37.9 °C to 45.3 °C. The results show that a hot and arid climate prevailed in Lop Nur at the end of the Late Pleistocene. Furthermore, changes of the brine chemical composition due to supply variations instead of climate change, may have caused glauberite deposition to cease at the end of the Late Pleistocene.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleoclimatic information recorded in fluid inclusions in halites from Lop Nur, Western China

Sun

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…The formation of many ancient and modern potash deposits is closely related to high-temperature paleobrine environments. For example, the highest paleobrine temperature of potash deposits in the Silurian Michigan Basin is 59°C [52], the highest paleobrine temperature of potash deposits in the Middle Cretaceous Korat Plateau is 62.1°C [53], and the highest paleobrine temperature of Quaternary Lop Nur potash deposits in the Tarim Basin is 58°C [54]. Therefore, the high-temperature conditions experienced during the middle Eocene salt-forming period in the Kuqa Basin may indicate relatively rapid evaporation rates.…”

Section: Significance Of Paleobrinementioning

confidence: 99%

Whether the Middle Eocene Salt-Forming Brine in the Kuqa Basin Reached the Potash-Forming Stage: Quantitative Evidence from Halite Fluid Inclusions

Cao

Liu

2021

Geofluids

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The Kuqa Basin is an important potentially potash-bearing basin in China, and thick salt-bearing strata were deposited under the influence of multistage Tethyan transgression-regression cycles during the Eocene. At present, research on the process of potash formation in the Kuqa Basin has mostly focused on traditional salt mineralogy, whole-rock geochemistry, and evaporite sedimentary evolution characteristics. However, research on the original ore-forming parent fluid directly related to potash formation has not yet been carried out, directly hindering further evaluation of potash mineralization. Therefore, this paper takes the internal factors controlling potash formation as the starting point and analyzes the physical and chemical properties, such as the homogenization temperatures ( T h ) and chemical compositions, of primary halite fluid inclusions. A total of 220 T h data from fluid inclusions were obtained, and the temperatures ranged from 9.4 to 54.1°C, indicating a high-temperature brine environment conducive to the rapid deposition of the potash deposit. In total, 22 halite fluid inclusions were analyzed for chemical components. The highest KCl content reached 0.59%, which was higher than the lowest industrial grade of potassium-rich brine (0.5%), indicating that the brine experienced a high degree of evaporation and concentration during the salt-forming period and reached the potash precipitation stage. This paper provides quantitative data on the evolution of the sedimentary environment in the Kuqa Basin and supports future potash exploration.

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“…Apparently, the mid-Cretaceous experienced the highest temperatures in the past 100 Ma [57][58][59][60]. Evidence from reconstructed temperatures for the mid-Cretaceous Khorat Plateau [61] (62.1°C), the Silurian Michigan Basin [62] (59°C), and the Quaternary Lop Nur [63] (35.6-43°C) showed that hot conditions were probably a prerequisite for the formation of potash deposits. Li et al [64] also proposed that hydrothermal fluids may have played an active role in the formation of the Mengye potash deposits in the Lamping-Simao Basin.…”

Section: Geofluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sensitivity of Temperature to Tachyhydrite Formation: Evidence from Evaporation Experiments of Simulated Brines Based on Compositions of Fluid Inclusions in Halite

Cheng

Hai

et al. 2019

Geofluids

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An average of concentrations of Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, K+, and Cl– in fluid inclusions, from the Khorat Plateau evaporite primary halite, was employed. The evaporation–crystallization sequence and paths were obtained under various temperature conditions for the quinary system, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+//Cl–-H2O. The results showed (1) a halite, sylvite, and carnallite stage at 25°C; (2) a halite, sylvite, carnallite, and bischofite stage at 35°C; and (3) a halite, sylvite, carnallite, bischofite, and tachyhydrite stage at 50°C. These results indicated that (1) a hot state is favorable for tachyhydrite formation, (2) tachyhydrite occurs in the late evaporation stage, and (3) the stability field of tachyhydrite increases with increasing temperature. The crystallization paths were plotted by the application of Jänecke phase diagram at 25°C, 35°C, and 50°C involving the system Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+//Cl–-H2O. The crystallization sequence predicted on the Jänecke phase diagram showed a good agreement with the experimental crystallization sequences and paths. Tachyhydrite precipitate more easily from a high Ca concentration solution during the late evaporation stage with increasing temperature under the same relative humidity condition. The evaporite mineral succession in the Khorat Plateau, Sergipe, and Congo basins agrees well with the mineral precipitation sequences predicted from their own fluid inclusions in halite. This is confirmed by the simulation of the Jänecke phase diagram at 50°C involving the system Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+//Cl–-H2O. The precipitation of tachyhydrite was sensitive to the temperature, and that the thermal resource may originate from a temperature profile in the solar pond. This study presented a simulated approach that can help in understanding similar cases that studies the sensitivity of temperature to salt formation.

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Quantitative temperature records of mid Cretaceous hothouse: Evidence from halite fluid inclusions

Cited by 27 publications

References 58 publications

Paleoclimatic information recorded in fluid inclusions in halites from Lop Nur, Western China

Paleoclimatic information recorded in fluid inclusions in halites from Lop Nur, Western China

Whether the Middle Eocene Salt-Forming Brine in the Kuqa Basin Reached the Potash-Forming Stage: Quantitative Evidence from Halite Fluid Inclusions

The Sensitivity of Temperature to Tachyhydrite Formation: Evidence from Evaporation Experiments of Simulated Brines Based on Compositions of Fluid Inclusions in Halite

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