2016
DOI: 10.1007/s00572-016-0741-0
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Quantity and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal storage organs within dead roots

Abstract: The formation of storage organs, such as spores and vesicles, is a central part of the life cycle of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), but the conditions under which this occurs in AMF are not well understood. Here, quantity and distribution of storage organs formed by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Funneliformis mosseae within dead (excised) roots were characterised. ‘Trap roots’ (TR), separated from the growth substrate by a 30-μm mesh, supported hyphal growth and formation of storage organs o… Show more

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Cited by 34 publications
(15 citation statements)
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“…Using arbuscules to define AM is required to distinguish mycorrhizal from endophytic activity (represented by vesicles and hyphae without arbuscules in roots) which is common in NM plants (Demars and Boerner 1996;Cosme et al 2018) and EcM plants (Cázares and Trappe 1993;Wagg et al 2008). AM fungi also commonly produce hyphae and vesicles in dead roots, decomposing leaves, old seeds, etc., but it is not clear if this is a form of necrotrophic interaction or if these fungi often seek shelter in soil organic materials (Aristizábal et al 2004;Müller et al 2017).…”
Section: Defining Mycorrhizal Associationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Using arbuscules to define AM is required to distinguish mycorrhizal from endophytic activity (represented by vesicles and hyphae without arbuscules in roots) which is common in NM plants (Demars and Boerner 1996;Cosme et al 2018) and EcM plants (Cázares and Trappe 1993;Wagg et al 2008). AM fungi also commonly produce hyphae and vesicles in dead roots, decomposing leaves, old seeds, etc., but it is not clear if this is a form of necrotrophic interaction or if these fungi often seek shelter in soil organic materials (Aristizábal et al 2004;Müller et al 2017).…”
Section: Defining Mycorrhizal Associationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These observations and many since then support the idea that AM fungi form endophytic associations in roots of nonhost that cannot be classified as AM (see Brundrett, , ). Further evidence is provided by the frequent observations that (1) fungal activity is greater when nonhosts are grown with a companion plant that has AM; (2) colonization by AM fungi is most common in old roots, presumably due to declining resistance to fungal colonization, and that AM fungi grow into and sporulate in dead roots (Brundrett, ; Müller et al ., ). The increased frequency of AM fungi hyphae in roots of NM plants in soils containing high heavy metal concentrations (Orlowska et al ., ; Vogel‐Mikuš et al ., ) suggests that plant stress may increase proliferation of hyphae of nonmutualistic fungi in NM roots.…”
Section: Mistakes In Mycorrhizal Diagnosismentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Intracellular plant-fungal interfaces are formed, and degenerate, throughout the lifetime of the symbiosis. As such, the abundance of these structures, particularly those believed to serve fungal storage organs, may be used to infer relative plant carbon investment (Müller, Ngwene, Peiter, & George, 2017) over a longer period of time than the instantaneous measurements made through the isotope tracing approach used here. The frequency of vesicles, as fungal lipid stores, may be indicative of AMF carbon acquisition (Smith, Grace, & Smith, 2009).…”
Section: Carbon Outlay By Wheat To Amf Is Unaffected By Atmosphericmentioning
confidence: 99%