Quantity assessment of plastic deformation energy under impact loading conditions of selected apple cultivars

Stropek, Zbigniew; Gołacki, Krzysztof

doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2015.12.011

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The other parameters confirming plastic deformations during the load are: the permanent deformation and plastic deformation energy. In the case of apples, , under impact loading conditions, permanent deformation (Lu and Wang, 2007;Stropek and Gołacki, 2015) and plastic deformation energy (Stropek and Gołacki, 2016b) increased with the increasing impact velocity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Viscoelastic response of apple flesh in a wide range of mechanical loading rates

Stropek¹,

Gołacki²

2018

International Agrophysics

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The cylindrical samples of ‘Beni Shogun’ apples cultivar in a range of deformation velocities from 0.0002 to 1 m s−1 were studied using stress relaxation tests. In the work, experimental courses of the force response were described via the Maxwell model, and the effects of deformation velocity on the Maxwell model parameters as well as the maximum and residual force were determined. The maximum force increased with the increase of the deformation velocity, which proved the response of apple flesh to be of viscoelastic nature. The residual force described the state of the material after the strain and was much higher under the quasi-static than impact loading conditions. The three relaxation times decreased with the increasing deformation velocity. For the shortest relaxation time (order of magnitude 0.1 s) there was a rapid decrease in the velocities under the quasi-static loading conditions and it remained on a steady and low level under the impact loading conditions. A definite limit was observed between the medium relaxation time (order of magnitude 1 s) for the lowest deformation velocity of 0.0002 m s−1 and the other relaxation times obtained at higher deformation velocities. The values of the longest relaxation time (order of magnitude 100 s) were much larger under the quasi-static than the impact loading conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Viscoelastic response of apple flesh in a wide range of mechanical loading rates

Stropek¹,

Gołacki²

2018

International Agrophysics

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“…If the energy loss during the collision is neglected, the absorbed energy of the yellow peach is equal to the difference between the impact energy and the rebound energy. 27 The speed of the yellow peach during impact and rebound is low, and the high-speed camera can capture 1000 images in 1 s. Hence, the change in the spatial position of the yellow peach in two consecutive frame images is the displacement of the yellow peach in Dt time (in this experiment, Dt ¼ 1 Â 10 −3 s). Two consecutive frame images of the yellow peach before and aer the collision were selected, and the moving distance of the yellow peach in the image was calculated by digital image correlation method.…”

Section: Calculation and Measurement Of The Mechanical Parametersmentioning

confidence: 96%

Quantitative study of impact damage on yellow peaches based on reflectance, absorbance and Kubelka–Munk spectral data

Li¹,

Zhang²,

Liu³

et al. 2022

RSC Adv.

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“…However, the main problem with these methods is that vibrations make it difficult to accurately record force and deformation during impact due to shorter time periods to observe the mechanism. Therefore, high-speed cameras are more frequently used to observe quality and damage for impact and vibratory research into different fruits [8,21,[30][31][32][33][34]. Impact damage is mainly caused by the factors such as the type of packaging surface onto which the single stem fruit drops, drop height, and the velocity at the moment of collision [35][36][37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Research on Grape Cluster Vibration Signals during Transportation and Placing for Harvest and Post-Harvest Handling

et al. 2021

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Berry dropping or shattering is an important factor during the harvest and post-harvest handling of fresh eating grapes until they reach the supermarkets. There are a lot of methods to measure post-harvest placing damage and the detachment force for single fruits. However, until now, there has been no objective method to observe and analyze the berry dropping mechanism of cluster fruits during robotic post-harvest handling. Therefore, in this paper, the effect of a cluster’s vibration on berry drop during vertical transportation and the impact of different packaging materials on fresh grape clusters during robotic placing were analyzed. For this purpose, a lead screw lathe, along with an attached actuator, three grape cluster samples (0.48, 0.50, 0.53 kg), three packaging materials (rigid plastic box, corrugated fiberboard box, expandable polystyrene box), four transportation speeds (0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 m/s), and four acceleration excitations (6, 8, 10, 12 m/s2) that were given in a mechanical system (actuator) were studied. In order to analyze the berry drop mechanism of grape clusters before and after the impact with packaging material, a force sensor and high-speed video camera were used. It was concluded from the vertical transportation test that with the increase in speed and acceleration excitations, the change in hanging force increased positively (R2 = 0.92). Additionally, the force after the striking of the grape cluster with packaging materials decreased negatively (R2 = 0.97), and the corresponding index of berry deflection increased. It was also observed from the high-speed camera images that rigid plastic boxes caused the maximum deflection of the grape berries, with the highest change in force of 8.6 N after the impact. Experimental results showed a negative correlation between the hanging force signals and the force after impact of the cluster, with a goodness of fit of R2 = 0.95 at different speeds. Overall, the proposed findings can be used as a reference study for improving robotic post-harvest handling, providing a useful visual and technical understanding of the berry fall susceptibility of cluster fruits, and can be used to develop a post-harvest robotic placing tool for avoiding berry drop damage on both industrial and farm levels.

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Quantity assessment of plastic deformation energy under impact loading conditions of selected apple cultivars

Cited by 29 publications

References 42 publications

Viscoelastic response of apple flesh in a wide range of mechanical loading rates

Viscoelastic response of apple flesh in a wide range of mechanical loading rates

Quantitative study of impact damage on yellow peaches based on reflectance, absorbance and Kubelka–Munk spectral data

Experimental Research on Grape Cluster Vibration Signals during Transportation and Placing for Harvest and Post-Harvest Handling

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