Quantum Bath Refrigeration towards Absolute Zero: Challenging the Unattainability Principle

Kolář, Michal; Gelbwaser-Klimovsky, David; Alicki, Robert; Kurizki, Gershon

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.109.090601

Cited by 87 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…This was studied in [193], see also [24] for a discussion on another formulation of the third law and [211] for a recent review of the laws of thermodynamics in the quantum regime. In [212], the authors discuss periodically driven quantum systems and investigate the laws of thermodynamics for a model of quantum refrigerator, see [213][214][215]. Finally, in [216], the authors study the third law in the context of refrigerators and show that the rate of cooling is determined entirely by the cold reservoir and its interaction to the system, and is insensitive to underlying the particle statistics.…”

Section: Relationship To Laws Of Thermodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum thermodynamics

Vinjanampathy¹,

Anders²

2016

Contemporary Physics

904

806

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Quantum thermodynamics is an emerging research field aiming to extend standard thermodynamics and non-equilibrium statistical physics to ensembles of sizes well below the thermodynamic limit, in non-equilibrium situations, and with the full inclusion of quantum effects. Fueled by experimental advances and the potential of future nanoscale applications this research effort is pursued by scientists with different backgrounds, including statistical physics, many-body theory, mesoscopic physics and quantum information theory, who bring various tools and methods to the field. A multitude of theoretical questions are being addressed ranging from issues of thermalisation of quantum systems and various definitions of "work", to the efficiency and power of quantum engines. This overview provides a perspective on a selection of these current trends accessible to postgraduate students and researchers alike.

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Section: Relationship To Laws Of Thermodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum thermodynamics

Vinjanampathy¹,

Anders²

2016

Contemporary Physics

904

806

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show abstract

“…Such principle states that it is impossible by any procedure to reduce any system to T = 0 in finite time. Nernst's principle has been recently challenged [8].It this Letter, we investigate the unattainability principle in a minimal model: a qubit coupled to a single mode of the electromagnetic field, i.e. a harmonic oscillator.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such principle states that it is impossible by any procedure to reduce any system to T = 0 in finite time. Nernst's principle has been recently challenged [8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical Casimir effect and minimal temperature in quantum thermodynamics

Benenti

Strini

2015

Phys. Rev. A

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We study the fundamental limitations of cooling to absolute zero for a qubit, interacting with a single mode of the electromagnetic field. Our results show that the dynamical Casimir effect, which is unavoidable in any finite-time thermodynamic cycle, forbids the attainability of the absolute zero of temperature, even in the limit of an infinite number of cycles.PACS numbers: 05.70. Ln, 07.20.Pe, Introduction. Due to recent progress of nanofabrication technology, quantum effects in small heat engines have become an increasingly important subject. Concepts from quantum thermodynamics [1] have been applied to investigate questions such as the optimization of quantum thermal machines [2], the fundamental dimensional limits to thermodynamic machines [3], and the minimum temperature achievable in nanoscopic chillers [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Cooling a system to the absolute zero of temperature (T = 0) is prohibited by Nernst's unattainability principle [12], also known as the dynamical formulation of the third law of thermodynamics. Such principle states that it is impossible by any procedure to reduce any system to T = 0 in finite time. Nernst's principle has been recently challenged [8].It this Letter, we investigate the unattainability principle in a minimal model: a qubit coupled to a single mode of the electromagnetic field, i.e. a harmonic oscillator. The oscillator is the working medium, shuttling heat from the qubit to a hot reservoir by means of a (quantum) Otto cycle. Although oversimplified, our model has several relevant features:

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“…This machine can be used to investigate fundamental thermodynamic limits, such as the attainability of zero temperature, i.e. Nernst's formulation of the third law of thermodynamics [307]. This resulted in unexpected connections between quantum physics and thermodynamics -for example in some engine models with a single-mode oscillator as the working medium the dynamical Casimir effect, a purely quantum phenomenon, prevents the machine from reaching absolute zero in a finite time, thus enforcing the third law [308].…”

Section: Quantum Thermodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum systems under frequency modulation

et al. 2017

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Abstract. We review the physical phenomena that arise when quantum mechanical energy levels are modulated in time. The dynamics resulting from changes in the transition frequency is a problem studied since the early days of quantum mechanics. It has been of constant interest both experimentally and theoretically since, with the simple two-state model providing an inexhaustible source of novel concepts. When the transition frequency of a quantum system is modulated, several phenomena can be observed, such as Landau-Zener-Stückelberg-Majorana interference, motional averaging and narrowing, and the formation of dressed states with the presence of sidebands in the spectrum. Adiabatic changes result in the accumulation of geometric phases, which can be used to create topological states. In recent years, an exquisite experimental control in the time domain was gained through the parameters entering the Hamiltonian, and high-fidelity readout schemes allowed the state of the system to be monitored non-destructively. These developments were made in the field of quantum devices, especially in superconducting qubits, as a well as in atomic physics, in particular in ultracold gases. As a result of these advances, it became possible to demonstrate many of the fundamental effects that arise in a quantum system when its transition frequencies are modulated. The purpose of this review is to present some of these developments, from two-state atoms and harmonic oscillators to multilevel and many-particle systems.

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Quantum Bath Refrigeration towards Absolute Zero: Challenging the Unattainability Principle

Cited by 87 publications

References 57 publications

Quantum thermodynamics

Quantum thermodynamics

Dynamical Casimir effect and minimal temperature in quantum thermodynamics

Quantum systems under frequency modulation

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