Quantum black holes from cosmic rays

Calmet, Xavier; Caramete, L.; Micu, Octavian

doi:10.1007/jhep11(2012)104

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…However, if we live in a universe with more than three spatial dimensions, microscopic black holes with masses of the order of M G ≃ 1 TeV may be produced by colliding particles in present accelerators or by ultra-high cosmic rays or neutrinos (see, e.g., Refs. [105,106,107,108,109,110,111]). …”

Section: Black Holes In Extra Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar objects, that generically go under the name of "quantum black holes", could be copiously produced instead [135,136,137,109]. Their precise definition is not settled, but one usually assumes their production cross section is the same as that of larger black holes, and they are non-thermal objects, which do not decay according to the Hawking formula.…”

Section: Black Holes In Extra Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Minimum Length Effects in Black Hole Physics

Casadio

Micu

Nicolini

2014

Fundamental Theories of Physics

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We review the main consequences of the possible existence of a minimum measurable length, of the order of the Planck scale, on quantum effects occurring in black hole physics. In particular, we focus on the ensuing minimum mass for black holes and how modified dispersion relations affect the Hawking decay, both in four space-time dimensions and in models with extra spatial dimensions. In the latter case, we briefly discuss possible phenomenological signatures. Gravity and minimum lengthPhysics is characterized by a variety of research fields and diversified tools of investigation that strongly depend on the length scales under consideration. As a result, one finds an array of sub-disciplines, spanning from cosmology, to astrophysics, geophysics, molecular and atomic physics, nuclear and particle physics. In a nutshell, we can say that Physics concerns events occurring at scales between the radius of the Universe and the typical size of observed elementary particles. It is not hard to understand that such a rich array of physical phenomena requires specific formalisms. For instance, at macroscopic scales, models of the Universe are obtained in terms of general relativity, while at microscopic scales quantum physics has been proven to be the adequate theory for the miniaturised world.

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Section: Black Holes In Extra Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Black Holes In Extra Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum Length Effects in Black Hole Physics

Casadio

Micu

Nicolini

2014

Fundamental Theories of Physics

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“…We thus focussed on quantum black holes, which are black holes with masses of the order of the Planck mass which could be produced copiously at the LHC or in cosmic ray experiments [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. The current bound derived using LHC data on the fist quantum black hole mass if of the order of 5.3 TeV [26,27].…”

Section: Xavier Calmetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Black Holes and Effective Quantum Gravity Approaches

Calmet

2015

Springer Proceedings in Physics

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One of the most exciting developments in theoretical physics in the last 20 years has been the realization that the scale of quantum gravity could be in the TeV region instead of the usually assumed 10 19 GeV. Indeed, the strength of gravity can be affected by the size of potential extra-dimensions [1][2][3][4] or the quantum fluctuations of a large hidden sector of particles [5]. A dramatic signal of quantum gravity in the TeV region would be the production of small black holes in high energy collisions of particles at colliders. The possibility of creating small black holes at colliders has led to some wonderful theoretical works on the formation of black holes in the collisions of particles.Long before studying the production of such black holes in the high energy collisions of particles became fashionable, in the 1970's Penrose proved that a closed trapped surface forms when two shockwaves traveling at energies much larger than the Planck scale even when the impact parameter is non-zero. Unfortunately, he never published his work. The result was independently rediscovered by Eardley and Giddings in 2002 [6] when the high energy community started to discuss the formation of black holes at colliders. Earlier estimate of the production cross section had been done using the hoop conjecture. Some did not trust the hoop conjecture, thinking that in the collision of particles the situation was too asymmetrical to trust this conjecture. The paper of Eardley and Giddings settled the issue. Proving the formation of a closed trapped surface is enough to establish gravitational collapse and hence the formation of a black hole. This work was extended by Hsu [7] into the semi-classical region using path integral methods. One could thus claim with confidence that black holes with masses 5 to 20 times the Planck scale, depending on the model of quantum gravity, could form in the collision of particles at the CERN LHC is the Planck scale was low enough. Early phenomenological studies can be found in [8][9][10][11][12][13][14].

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“…Bounds on the Planck scale using Earth skimming neutrinos creating black holes in the Earth crust have been derived in [19,20,28]. The back-to-back decay signature for quantum black holes produced in cosmic ray events was first proposed in [29]. The authors study the possibility for the two particle showers produced by the particles resulting from the back-to-back decay of the black holes to be spatially separated and detected as two simultaneous shower events by cosmic ray observatories (current earth based or future space based experiments).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That case study refers to quantum black holes which are generated due to the interaction of ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) or neutrinos with particles in the upper atmosphere and decay instantaneously into two particles which move back-to-back in the center of mass reference frame. It is shown in [29] that even if a small percentage of this type of events can be detected, there is parameter space for which detection is possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Back-to-back black holes decay signature at neutrino observatories

Arsene

Calmet

Caramete

et al. 2014

Astroparticle Physics

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We propose a decay signature for non-thermal small black holes with masses in the TeV range which can be discovered by neutrino observatories. The black holes would result due to the impact between ultra high energy neutrinos with nuclei in water or ice and decay instantaneously. They could be produced if the Planck scale is in the few TeV region and the highly energetic fluxes are large enough. Having masses close to the Planck scale, the typical decay mode for these black holes is into two particles emitted back-to-back. For a certain range of angles between the emitted particles and the center of mass direction of motion, it is possible for the detectors to measure separate muons having specific energies and their trajectories oriented at a large enough angle to prove that they are the result of a back-to-back decay event.

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Quantum black holes from cosmic rays

Cited by 12 publications

References 40 publications

Minimum Length Effects in Black Hole Physics

Minimum Length Effects in Black Hole Physics

Quantum Black Holes and Effective Quantum Gravity Approaches

Back-to-back black holes decay signature at neutrino observatories

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