Quantum cascade laser-based carbon monoxide detection on a second time scale from human breath

Moeskops, B.W.M.; Naus, H.; Cristescu, Simona M.; Harren, F.J.M.

doi:10.1007/s00340-005-2124-7

Cited by 45 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Several cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometers [10,[21][22][23] and QCL-based TDLAS systems [12,23] have been utilized for detection of exhaled breath CO. Recently, we introduced a TDLAS sensor employing an external-cavity QCL for simultaneous detection of CO and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) exhalation profiles [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ICL-based TDLAS sensor for real-time breath gas analysis of carbon monoxide isotopes

Ghorbani¹,

Schmidt²

2017

Opt. Express

107

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We present a compact sensor for carbon monoxide (CO) in air and exhaled breath based on a room temperature interband cascade laser (ICL) operating at 4.69 µm, a lowvolume circular multipass cell and wavelength modulation absorption spectroscopy. A fringelimited (1σ) sensitivity of 6.5 × 10 −8 cm −1 Hz -1/2 and a detection limit of 9 ± 5 ppbv at 0.07 s acquisition time are achieved, which constitutes a 25-fold improvement compared to direct absorption spectroscopy. Integration over 10 s increases the precision to 0.6 ppbv. The setup also allows measuring the stable isotope 13 CO in breath. We demonstrate quantification of indoor air CO and real-time detection of CO expirograms from healthy non-smokers and a healthy smoker before and after smoking. Isotope ratio analysis indicates depletion of 13 CO in breath compared to natural abundance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ICL-based TDLAS sensor for real-time breath gas analysis of carbon monoxide isotopes

Ghorbani¹,

Schmidt²

2017

Opt. Express

107

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“…Atmospheric detection of CO and N 2 O concentration levels using laser absorption spectroscopy based optical gas sensor platforms have been reported by numerous research groups in recent years [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Direct laser absorption technique employing a multi-pass cell (MPC), where effective optical path length is extended to tens or even to hundreds of meters, typically allows to reach a detection limit of the analyte species at ppm or ppb levels [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

QEPAS based ppb-level detection of CO and N_2O using a high power CW DFB-QCL

Ma¹,

Lewicki²,

Razeghi³

et al. 2013

Opt. Express

350

209

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An ultra-sensitive and selective quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) sensor platform was demonstrated for detection of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O). This sensor used a stateof-the art 4.61 µm high power, continuous wave (CW), distributed feedback quantum cascade laser (DFB-QCL) operating at 10°C as the excitation source. For the R(6) CO absorption line, located at 2169.2 cm −1 , a minimum detection limit (MDL) of 1.5 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) at atmospheric pressure was achieved with a 1 sec acquisition time and the addition of 2.6% water vapor concentration in the analyzed gas mixture. For the N 2 O detection, a MDL of 23 ppbv was obtained at an optimum gas pressure of 100 Torr and with the same water vapor content of 2.6%. In both cases the presence of water vapor increases the detected CO and N 2 O QEPAS signal levels as a result of enhancing the vibrational-translational relaxation rate of both target gases. Allan deviation analyses were performed to investigate the long term performance of the CO and N 2 O QEPAS sensor systems. For the optimum data acquisition time of 500 sec a MDL of 340 pptv and 4 ppbv was obtained for CO and N 2 O detection, respectively. To demonstrate reliable and robust operation of the QEPAS sensor a continuous monitoring of atmospheric CO and N 2 O concentration levels for a period of 5 hours were performed. 6728-6738 (2003). 27. X. Chao, J. B. Jeffries, and R. K. Hanson, "Wavelength-modulation-spectroscopy for real-time, in situ NO detection in combustion gases with a 5.2 µm quantum-cascade laser," Appl. Phys. B 106(4), 987-997 (2012). 28. L. Dong, R. Lewicki, K. Liu, P. R. Buerki, M. J. Weida, and F. K. Tittel, "Ultra-sensitive carbon monoxide detection by using EC-QCL based quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy," Appl. Phys. B 107(2), 275-283 (2012). 29. L. ©2013 Optical Society of America

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“…The MIR spectroscopy has proven to be a powerful technique for the atmospheric trace gases detection with a high precision, accuracy, high specificity and fast time resolution from aircraft, balloons, ship-based and mobile van platforms, as well as from fixed sites at remote locations [11−14]. The small size, simplicity, high output power, wide tunable frequency range and long-term reliability of novel quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are promising MIR spectroscopic sources, and making them suitable for a wide variety of applications to map stratospheric CO distributions [15−17] and to perform isotopic measurements [18−19], high temperature combustion diagnoses [20] and human breath analyses [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Measurements of Atmospheric CO And Its Correlation With Nox And O3 at a Rural Mountain Site

Li¹,

Reiffs²,

Parchatka³

et al. 2015

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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Ambient concentrations of CO, as well as NOx and O3, were measured as a part of the PARADE campaign conducted at the Taunus Observatory on the summit of the Kleiner Feldberg between the 8th of August and 9th of September 2011. These measurements were made in an effort to provide insight into the characteristics of the effects of both biogenic and anthropogenic emissions on atmospheric chemistry in the rural south-western German environment. The overall average CO concentration was found to be 100.3±18.1 ppbv (within the range of 71 to 180 ppbv), determined from 10-min averages during the summer season. The background CO concentration was estimated to be ~90 ppbv. CO and NOx showed bimodal diurnal variations with peaks in the late morning (10:00-12:00 UTC) and in the late afternoon (17:00-20:00 UTC). Strong correlations between CO and NOx indicated that vehicular emission was the major contributor to the notable CO plumes observed at the sampling site. Both local meteorology and backward trajectory analyses suggest that CO plumes were associated with anthropogenically polluted air masses transferred by an advection to the site from densely populated city sites. Furthermore, a good linear correlation of R 2 = 0.54 between CO and O3 (∆O3/∆CO=0.560±0.016 ppbv/ppbv) was observed, in good agreement with previous observations.

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Quantum cascade laser-based carbon monoxide detection on a second time scale from human breath

Cited by 45 publications

References 25 publications

ICL-based TDLAS sensor for real-time breath gas analysis of carbon monoxide isotopes

ICL-based TDLAS sensor for real-time breath gas analysis of carbon monoxide isotopes

QEPAS based ppb-level detection of CO and N_2O using a high power CW DFB-QCL

In Situ Measurements of Atmospheric CO And Its Correlation With Nox And O3 at a Rural Mountain Site

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