The mechanism for
dioxygen activation using the biomimetic model
complex of [NiFe]-hydrogenase, [NiLFe(η5-C5Me5)]+ [L = N,N′-diethyl-3,7-diazanonane-1,9-dithiolato] was established
using density functional theory (DFT) and artificial force-induced
reaction (AFIR) methods. Our computational results suggest that O2 binds to the FeII center in an end-on fashion
and forms a high-valent iron complex, NiFe–peroxo (NiIIFeIV(η2-O2)), which has been
experimentally observed. The O–O bond cleavage occurs in the
presence of borohydride (BH4
–) through
hydrogen atom transfer (HAT). Once the HAT occurs, the generated BH3 radical anion (BH3
•–)
binds to the terminal oxygen of NiFe–OOH, giving rise to BH3OH– and NiIIFeIVO.
The second HAT from BH4
– to the oxygen
of NiIIFeIVO leads to BH3OH– and Fe-reduced NiIIFeII complex. Importantly, the dioxygen activation is triggered by HAT,
not by proton transfer or hydride transfer. The O2 is activated
by the Fe center, and the oxidation state of Fe varies during the
process, while the oxidation state of Ni is conserved. These mechanistic
insights into O2 activation are essential in understanding
the formation of the inactive state and reactivation process in hydrogenase.