Quantum crystallography of Rydberg-dressed Bose gases on a square lattice

Hsueh, C.-H.; Wu, Weixing; Tsubota, Makoto

doi:10.1103/physreva.95.013631

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Recently, it was demonstrated that a structural phase transition of optical patterns from a hexagonal lattice to two types of square lattices may occur in an EIT-based Rydberg gas with a microwave dressing between two Rydberg states [16]. These investigations enriched our understanding on the MI and related pattern formation in systems with repulsive (or with both repulsive and attractive) Kerr nonlinearities, which are topics explored in different physical systems by many research groups, from which new pattern formation mechanisms for conservative nonlocal nonlinear systems were found in recent years [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Self-organized structures of two-component laser fields and their active controls in a cold Rydberg atomic gas

Shi,

Huang

2021

Preprint

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We investigate the formation and control of stationary optical patterns in a cold Rydberg atomic gas via double electromagnetically induced transparency. We show that, through the modulational instability of plane-wave state of a laser field with two polarization components, the system undergoes a spontaneous symmetry breaking and hence the emergence of plentiful self-organized spatial optical structures, which can be manipulated by the ratio between the cross-and self-Kerr nonlinearities, the nonlocality degree of the Kerr nonlinearities, and the populations initially prepared in the two atomic ground states. Interestingly, a crossover from mixture to separation in space (optical phase separation) of the two polarization components occurs when the ratio between the cross-and self-Kerr nonlinearities exceeds a critical value. We also show that the system supports nonlocal two-component spatial optical solitons and vortices when the parameters of the system are selected suitably. The rich diversity and active controllability of the self-organized optical structures reported here provide a way for realizing novel optical patterns and solitons and their structural phase transitions based on Rydberg atomic gases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Self-organized structures of two-component laser fields and their active controls in a cold Rydberg atomic gas

Shi,

Huang

2021

Preprint

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“…From this we formulate a useful form of the bound involving a single unit cell without the need to consider various angles. Also, our general techniques allow us to explore conditions under which 2D crystalline states exhibit anisotropic superfluidity (see [29]), hence revealing situations where the tensorial nature of the superfluid fraction manifests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the appendix we outline an alternative but equivalent method for calculating the superfluid fraction tensor via the effective mass of the BEC in a crystalline state [29,30]. We show that the effective mass can be determined by a solving a linearized problem, which is equivalent to solving for the Hartree excitations of the ground state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superfluid fraction tensor of a two-dimensional supersolid

Blakie

2024

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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We investigate the superfluid fraction of crystalline stationary states within the framework of mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii theory. Our primary focus is on a two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate with a non-local soft-core interaction, where the superfluid fraction is described by a rank-2 tensor. We then calculate the superfluid fraction tensor for crystalline states exhibiting triangular, square, and stripe geometries across a broad range of interaction parameters. Factors leading to an anisotropic superfluid fraction tensor are also considered. We also refine the Leggett bounds for the superfluid fraction of the 2D system. We systematically compare these bounds to our full numerical results, and other results in the literature. This work is of direct relevance to other supersolid systems of current interest, such as supersolids produced using dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates.

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“…It was found that MI may occur in such systems even the Kerr nonlinearity is repulsive, or has both repulsive and attractive parts [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44], which provides the possibility to realize spontaneous symmetry breaking [45] and generate spatially extended, ordered structures in nonlocal nonlinear media. Various self-organized patterns were found [42][43][44][46][47][48], especially the ones of atomic density formed in Rydberg-dressed [40,[49][50][51][52][53][54] and dipolar [55][56][57][58][59][60] Bose-Einstein condensates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural phase transitions of optical patterns in atomic gases with microwave-controlled Rydberg interactions

Shi

Huang

2020

Phys. Rev. A

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Spontaneous symmetry breaking and formation of self-organized structures in nonlinear systems are intriguing and important phenomena in nature. Advancing such research to new nonlinear optical regimes is of much interest for both fundamental physics and practical applications. Here we propose a scheme to realize optical pattern formation in a cold Rydberg atomic gas via electromagnetically induced transparency. We show that, by coupling two Rydberg states with a microwave field (microwave dressing), the nonlocal Kerr nonlinearity of the Rydberg gas can be enhanced significantly and may be tuned actively. Based on such nonlocal Kerr nonlinearity, we demonstrate that a plane-wave state of probe laser field can undergo a modulation instability (MI) and hence spontaneous symmetry breaking, which may result in the emergence of various self-organized optical patterns. Especially, we find that a hexagonal lattice pattern (which is the only optical pattern when the microwave dressing is absent) may develop into several types of square lattice ones when the microwave dressing is applied; moreover, as a outcome of the MI the formation of nonlocal optical solitons is also possible in the system. Different from earlier studies, the optical patterns and nonlocal optical solitons found here can be flexibly manipulated by adjusting the effective probe-field intensity, nonlocality degree of the Kerr nonlinearity, and the strength of the microwave field. Our work opens a route for versatile controls of self-organizations and structural phase transitions of laser light, which may have potential applications in optical information processing and transmission.

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Quantum crystallography of Rydberg-dressed Bose gases on a square lattice

Cited by 6 publications

References 64 publications

Self-organized structures of two-component laser fields and their active controls in a cold Rydberg atomic gas

Self-organized structures of two-component laser fields and their active controls in a cold Rydberg atomic gas

Superfluid fraction tensor of a two-dimensional supersolid

Structural phase transitions of optical patterns in atomic gases with microwave-controlled Rydberg interactions

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