Quantum dots – Nano-sized probes for the exploration of cellular and intracellular targeting

Hild, Wolfgang; Breunig, Miriam; Goepferich, Achim

doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2007.06.009

Cited by 171 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…The inherent fluorescence guarantees a label-free-not altering the chemical composition-material. 63 Furthermore, the powerful and convenient fluorescent methods can be non-invasively applied. Typically, most of the experimental data is based on confocal microscopy, sometimes supported with TEM images and quantitative analysis.…”

Section: Follicular Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticles and their interactions with the dermal barrier

Schneider

Stracke

Hansen

et al. 2009

Dermato-Endocrinology

383

193

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The dermal application of drugs is promising due to the ease of application. In this context nano-scale carrier systems were already evaluated in several studies with respect to the skin interaction and the impact on drug penetration. At the same time the upcoming production of engineered nano-scale materials requires a thorough safety evaluation. Drug delivery as well as risk assessment depends crucially on the ability of such carriers to overcome the skin barrier and reach deeper tissue layers. Therefore, the interaction of nanoparticles with skin and especially skin models is an intriguing field. However, the data obtained do not show a clear image on the effect of nano-carriers. Especially the penetration of such particles is an open and controversially discussed topic. The literature reports different results mainly on pig or murine skin showing strong penetration (pig and mouse) or the opposite. Looking only at the sizes of the particles also no conclusive picture can be obtained. Nevertheless, size is regarded to play an important role for skin penetration. Furthermore, the state of the skin influences penetration (hydration) and the mechanical stress is of outmost importance. IntroductionAny kind of organism always faced nanoscale environmental compounds interacting with their exterior barrier but a significant interest in these interactions came up not until the broad ascent of artificial nanoparticulate compounds. 1 The great potential for future advanced applications in areas such as energy, electronics, automotive, chemistry and life sciences led to a rapidly growing number of nanoparticulate systems, with respect to material composition, size, shape and formulation. Nanomedicines, incorporating drug delivery, diagnostics, implants, cancer therapy, to name just a few, pose an important and appealing area for beneficial application. Regarding final applicability it is essential to investigate the various biological aspects of nanoparticle exposure to the human organism. On one hand health hazards are to be identified and assessed, on the other hand medical and pharmaceutical potentials may be discovered and exploited. The behavior of nanoparticulate substances in biosystems and their physiological effects can, up to now, neither be extrapolated straightforwardly from bulk properties nor can they be predicted from molecular properties of the constituents. The first step of any interaction between an organism and any compound is the uptake of the compound from the environment. Several pathways of absorption exist for human (and most animal) organisms of which the skin is the most obvious and easiest to reach.The present review focus on skin and its barrier as well as sink function to artificial nanoparticulate compounds. Different classes of nanoparticulate material were studied to gain knowledge on the interaction and possible impact on skin covering bio-resistant particles (e.g., metal oxide, carbon-based) and biodegradable particles (e.g., liposomes, polymeric particles). Furthermore, mainly healthy ...

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Section: Follicular Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticles and their interactions with the dermal barrier

Schneider

Stracke

Hansen

et al. 2009

Dermato-Endocrinology

383

193

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This receptor has an incidence of 85% in breast carcinoma and 100% in lymph node metastases (15). We used quantum dots (QDs) (16), to which peptidic agonists of a few kilodaltons in molecular mass or a small-molecule antagonist were attached, to examine whether GPCR trafficking upon ligand binding (17) can be exploited as a selective nanoparticle gateway into cells.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

G protein-coupled receptors function as logic gates for nanoparticle binding and cell uptake

Hild

Pollinger

Caporale³

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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More selective interactions of nanoparticles with cells would substantially increase their potential for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Thus, it would not only be highly desirable that nanoparticles can be addressed to any cell with high target specificity and affinity, but that we could unequivocally define whether they rest immobilized on the cell surface as a diagnostic tag, or if they are internalized to serve as a delivery vehicle for drugs. To date no class of targets is known that would allow direction of nanoparticle interactions with cells alternatively into one of these mutually exclusive events. Using MCF-7 breast cancer cells expressing the human Y 1 -receptor, we demonstrate that G protein-coupled receptors provide us with this option. We show that quantum dots carrying a surface-immobilized antagonist remain with nanomolar affinity on the cell surface, and particles carrying an agonist are internalized upon receptor binding. The receptor functions like a logic "and-gate" that grants cell access only to those particles that carry a receptor ligand "and" where the ligand is an agonist. We found that agonist-and antagonistmodified nanoparticles bind to several receptor molecules at a time. This multiligand binding leads to five orders of magnitude increased-receptor affinities, compared with free ligand, in displacement studies. More than 800 G protein-coupled receptors in humans provide us with the paramount advantage that targeting of a plethora of cells is possible, and that switching from cell recognition to cell uptake is simply a matter of nanoparticle surface modification with the appropriate choice of ligand type.nanoparticle targeting | drug delivery | quantum dots | nanoparticle receptor interaction | cell membrane binding

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“…As demonstrated in associated studies, sugar-displaying nanoparticles aŠord an eŠective tool for the production of molecular-binding forces based on the multivalent interaction of carbohydrates. Among the available nanoparticles, we chose quantum dots as a scaŠold due to their unique optical functions (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). The localization of sugar-displaying QDs in cells can be easily followed by ‰uorescent microscopy.…”

Section: B Chemical Modiˆcation Of Proteins With Carbohydrates Promomentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivalent display of oligosaccharides on nanoparticles accelerates their nuclear import

Niikura¹,

Ijiro²,

Sekiguchi³

2009

TIGG

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335Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology Vol. 21 No. 122 (2009) AbstractIt has been reported that the conjugation of carbohydrate to proteins can promote the nuclear import of proteins (1-4). In this minireview, based on our recent data, we discuss the eŠect of carbohydrates on the nuclear import using quantum dots (QDs), with particular reference to the manner in which the chemical structure and density of carbohydrates displayed on their surface drastically aŠected the e‹ciency of QD permeation into the nucleus. Among the carbohydrates used in our study, the high-density display of maltotriose was the most e‹cient for the nuclear import of QDs. As it is not reliant on cytosolic factors for nuclear import, we concluded that the sugar-displaying QDs can be transported into the nucleus via passive diŠusion rather than through a speciˆc receptor-mediated pathway.A. Importance of nuclear import and nuclear localization signals Cytosol-nuclear transportation is the most common form of tra‹c within cells. The nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) form channels penetrating the double lipid bilayer of the nuclear envelope, and, in nature, the nuclear import of histones and transcriptional factors, and the nuclear export of ribosomes and various RNA occurs through these nuclear pores (5,6). Thus, the study of transportation through nuclear pores is meaningful both as basic biology and for its application to the development of drug delivery systems (DDSs) and bioimaging. With regard to DDSs, many researchers have explored the entrance to the plasma membrane and its subsequent release from the lysosome (7-9); however, few studies have targeted nuclear import. We have focused on the nuclear transportation of nanoparticles due to its wide range of applications, such as DDS and molecular imaging. The entrance

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Quantum dots – Nano-sized probes for the exploration of cellular and intracellular targeting

Cited by 171 publications

References 142 publications

Nanoparticles and their interactions with the dermal barrier

Nanoparticles and their interactions with the dermal barrier

G protein-coupled receptors function as logic gates for nanoparticle binding and cell uptake

Multivalent display of oligosaccharides on nanoparticles accelerates their nuclear import

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