Quantum electrodynamics of strong fields

Nikishov, A. I.

doi:10.1070/pu1987v030n06abeh002865

Cited by 261 publications

(483 citation statements)

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“…The study of this effect began in connection with the so-called Klein [1] paradox, and was continued by Schwinger [2], who calculated the vacuum-to-vacuum transition probability in a constant electric field. A complete study of particle creation from vacuum by a constant electric field is represented in [3,4]. It should be mentioned that the effect can actually be observed as soon as the external field strength approaches the characteristic value (critical field) E c = m 2 c 3 /|e| ≃ 1, 3 · 10 16 V /cm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considerable attention has been recently focused on a non-perturbative parton production from vacuum by a classical chromoelectric field of SU(3) [12,13] and SU (2) [14] in the framework of a modern version of the known chromoelectric flux tube model [15], the latter being an effective model for the confinement of quarks in QCD (previously the pair creation by a constant field has been calculated for SU (2) in [16] and for SU (3) in [17]). The model ensures a very good description of the phenomenology of hadron jets in high-energy e + − e − and p −p collision experiments (for further development of the basic model and phenomenological applications, see, e.g., review [18]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Density matrix of a quantum field in a particle-creating background

2008

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We consider the time evolution of a quantized field in backgrounds that violate the vacuum stability (particle-creating backgrounds). Our aim is to study the exact form of the final quantum state (the density operator at a final instant of time) that has emerged from a given arbitrary initial state (from a given arbitrary density operator at the initial time instant) in the course of the evolution. We find a generating functional that allows us to have the density operators for any initial state. Averaging over states of a subsystem of antiparticles (particles), we obtain explicit forms for reduced density operators for subsystems of particles (antiparticles). Studying one-particle correlation functions, we establish a one-to-one correspondence between these functions and the reduced density operators. It is shown that in the general case a presence of bosons (e.g. gluons) in an initial state increases the creation rate of the same kind of bosons. We discuss the question (and its relation to the initial stage of quark-gluon plasma formation) whether a thermal form of one-particle distribution can appear even if the final state of the complete system is not a thermal equilibrium. In this respect, we discuss some cases when a pair creation by an electric-like field can mimic a one-particle thermal distribution. We apply our technics to some QFT problems in slowly varying electric-like backgrounds: electric, SU(3) chromoelectric, and metric. In particular, we study the time and temperature behavior of mean numbers of created particles provided switching on and off effects of the external field are negligible. It is shown that at high temperatures and in slowly varying electric fields the rate of particle creation is essentially time-dependent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Density matrix of a quantum field in a particle-creating background

2008

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“…The HE γ-rays interact with the low energy photons of the EBL via the pair-production process leaving an energy dependent attenuation signature in the spectra (Nikishov 1962;Gould & Schréder 1967). The strength of this attenuation and its spectral behavior depends on the properties of the EBL (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Searching for an extragalactic background light attenuation signature in the Fermi/LAT 1st year catalog data

Raue

2010

A&A

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Observations of distant sources of high-energy (HE) γ-rays are affected by attenuation resulting from the interaction of the γ-rays with low energy photons from the diffuse meta-galactic radiation fields at ultraviolet (UV) to infrared (IR) wavelengths (extragalactic background light; EBL). Recently, a large data-set of HE observations from the 1st year survey of the Large Area Telescope (LAT) instrument on-board of the Fermi satellite became available, covering an energy range from 100 MeV up to 100 GeV. In this paper, the potential of such large HE data-sets to probe the density of the EBL -especially in the UV to optical -is explored. The data from the catalog is investigated for an attenuation signature in the energy range 10-100 GeV and the results are compared with the predictions from EBL model calculations. No clear signature is found. The statistics are still limited by (1) the sensitivity of Fermi/LAT to detect sources above 10 GeV, (2) the number of firmly identified sources with known redshift, both which will improve over the coming years.

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“…Therefore physics in the presence of such ultra-strong fields is now coming upon a focus of attention. One of the most striking effects in this area is electron-positron pair creation from vacuum [5][6][7][8][9]. However, according to recent calculations [9], spontaneous pair creation from vacuum would require an optical laser of the power above 500 PW, still far from the experimental possibilities of the nearest future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized multibeam configuration for observation of QED cascades

et al. 2015

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QED cascades in intense electromagnetic field can occur if the dynamical quantum parameter χ of a seed electron, which in Compton units coincides with the electron proper acceleration, attains the order of unity. We derive general expression for χ of an initially slow electron in an arbitrary electromagnetic field for a time range t ≪ 1/ω, where ω is the field carrier frequency. Using this formula, we consider a special field configuration of multiple colliding focused laser beams and optimize it to provide cascade development at laser power below 10 PW and intensity of the order of 10 23 W/cm 2 . Such parameters of the beams will be obtained with a new generation of laser facilities, particularly the ELI Beamlines, in the coming years.

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Quantum electrodynamics of strong fields

Cited by 261 publications

References 0 publications

Density matrix of a quantum field in a particle-creating background

Density matrix of a quantum field in a particle-creating background

Searching for an extragalactic background light attenuation signature in the Fermi/LAT 1st year catalog data

Optimized multibeam configuration for observation of QED cascades

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