“…The reason is, Hamiltonian models of physical interest can be expressed in locally interacting spins, e.g., Ising and Heisenberg models [38 , 40 , 54] . The fidelity and probability for measuring spin type Hamiltonians, range from an open system exhibiting disorder in noisy channels, to models that use photons, sampled and slave particles [7 , 26 , 52] . In [52] , shuffling the photons’ positions can detect multi-entangled photons with random probabilities.…”