Quantum limits of interferometer topologies for gravitational radiation detection

Miao, H.; Yang, Huan; Adhikari, R. X.; Chen, Yanbei

doi:10.1088/0264-9381/31/16/165010

Cited by 45 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…We focus on surpassing this limit by considering shot noise alone for sensing mirror displacement, ignoring radiation-pressure noise. In practice, the radiation-pressure noise can either be suppressed by increasing the mass of mirrors [30], or evaded by using quantum nondemolition measurement techniques, e.g., frequency-dependent homodyne detection [8,[31][32][33].…”

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confidence: 99%

Beating the Standard Sensitivity-Bandwidth Limit of Cavity-Enhanced Interferometers with Internal Squeezed-Light Generation

et al. 2017

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The shot-noise limited peak sensitivity of cavity-enhanced interferometric measurement devices, such as gravitational-wave detectors, can be improved by increasing the cavity finesse, even when comparing fixed intracavity light powers. For a fixed light power inside the detector, this comes at the price of a proportional reduction in the detection bandwidth. High sensitivity over a large span of signal frequencies, however, is essential for astronomical observations. It is possible to overcome this standard sensitivity-bandwidth limit using nonclassical correlations in the light field. Here, we investigate the internal squeezing approach, where the parametric amplification process creates a nonclassical correlation directly inside the interferometer cavity. We theoretically analyze the limits of the approach and measure 36% increase in the sensitivity-bandwidth product compared to the classical case. To our knowledge, this is the first experimental demonstration of an improvement in the sensitivity-bandwidth product using internal squeezing, opening the way for a new class of optomechanical force sensing devices.

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confidence: 99%

Beating the Standard Sensitivity-Bandwidth Limit of Cavity-Enhanced Interferometers with Internal Squeezed-Light Generation

et al. 2017

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“…They generally fall into two categories: (i) a sensitivity-oriented category-using external squeezing [9,10] or internal squeezing [11,12] to reduce the shot noise while keeping broad bandwidth (external squeezing has been implemented in large-scale GW detectors [13,14] and is also planned for future upgrades [15][16][17]), and (ii) a bandwidth-oriented category-the so-called white-light-cavity idea [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]that uses an atomic medium with negative dispersion to cancel the positive dispersion of optical cavities.…”

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confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Bandwidth of Gravitational-Wave Detectors with Unstable Optomechanical Filters

et al. 2015

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Advanced interferometric gravitational-wave detectors use optical cavities to resonantly enhance their shotnoise-limited sensitivity. Because of positive dispersion of these cavities-signals at different frequencies pick up different phases, there is a tradeoff between the detector bandwidth and peak sensitivity, which is a universal feature for quantum measurement devices having resonant cavities. We consider embedding an active unstable filter inside the interferometer to compensate the phase, and using feedback control to stabilize the entire system. We show that this scheme in principle can enhance the bandwidth without sacrificing the peak sensitivity. However, the unstable filter under our current consideration is a cavity-assisted optomechanical device operating in the instability regime, and the thermal fluctuation of the mechanical oscillator puts a very stringent requirement on the environmental temperature and the mechanical quality factor. , are kilometer-scale laser interferometers that measure GW-induced differential arm length change. These detectors are macroscopic in size, and yet one of the major noises that limit their sensitivity is the quantum noise-quantum radiation pressure noise at low frequencies and quantum shot noise at high frequencies (above ∼100 Hz). To reduce the shot noise, they incorporate optical cavities in two arms that resonantly enhance both the optical power and signal, as shown schematically in Fig. 1(a). In addition, they include a power-recycling mirror (PRM) at the bright (common) port and a signal-recycling mirror (SRM) at the dark (differential) port-PRM further increases the power circulating inside arm cavities, e.g., up to ∼1 MW for Advanced LIGO, while SRM coherently reflects the signal back to the interferometer and modifies the detector response to GW signals at different frequencies. For instance, Advanced LIGO, in its nominal operation mode, uses a SRM to broaden the detector bandwidth, which equalizes the response to both low-frequency and high-frequency signals. However, this is at a price of decreasing the peak sensitivity when considering the shot noise, as illustrated in Fig. 1(b). Such a tradeoff between the bandwidth and the peak sensitivity (with their product being approximately constant) can be attributable to the positive dispersion of optical cavities-signals at different frequencies are not simultaneously resonant due to the frequency-dependent propagation phase. This feature was first pointed out by Mizuno [4] in the GW community. It turns out to be universal for all quantum measurement devices with resonant cavities, e.g., optomechanically based force or position sensors [5], and laser ring gyros [6]. The bandwidth-sensitivity product is ultimately bounded by the amount of energy stored inside the devices, which is a consequence of the quantum Cramér-Rao bound [7,8].

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“…However, broadband enhancement across all Fourier frequencies is not possible [95,338]; at desired frequency intervals, the minimum uncertainty, min C x (C, θ opt ), satisfies,…”

Section: Quantum-enhanced Metrologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Limits on Measurement and Control of a Mechanical Oscillator

Sudhir

2018

Springer Theses

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PAR Vivishek SUDHIR JOSEPH CONRAD, Heart of DarknessExperimental physics demands a certain degree of manual dexterity, the patience to tolerate the mundane, and an inexhaustible supply of optimism. Tobias hired me to work on an immensely sophisticated experiment despite any proof of my possessing these qualities; I am indebted to him for the belief he has placed in me. I would also like to acknowledge his dedication to fostering an environment where the pursuit of science is unencumbered by other worldly concerns. Stefan, Ewold and Samuel bore the brunt of a theorist trying to perform delicate experiments; the stern, yet encouraging, stewardship of this trio ensured that I enjoyed the culture shock. Dal Wilson was more than a colleague and a post-doc; his pragmatic approach to physics provided the ideal counter-point in our attempts to forge a deeper understanding of things ranging from vibration isolation to the subtleties of quantum mechanics. Without the patient efforts of Amir, Ryan and Hendrik in designing, fabricating, and testing of devices, none of the results reported here would have been possible. I hope I have been able to bequeath a better vision of the future of our experiment to Sergey. Conversations with Alexey, Daniel and Nathan have enabled me to vicariously learn how to measure microwave "photons". John Jost once taught me how to decorate a Christmas tree; since then he has imparted some wisdom on frequency metrology, and some on atomic physics. Together with Dal, Victor and Caroline have probably spent the most time with me outside the lab; it was fun to exercise an air of social normalcy with this bunch. Christophe has been an amazing sparring partner on every subject capable of being brought under scientific scrutiny.The personal space required for the pursuit of science comes through the sacrifice of many people. My family back home in India -parents, sister, grand-parents -have had to patiently wait for the brief interludes when I go home. No words can do justice to this and the very many other pleasures they have surrendered over the years for my sake. Before physics attracted me, I was charmed by someone else; I am lucky to have married her. Long time friends, mentorsAjith and Subeesh -have played pivotal roles in my being able to engage in physics; I hope to repay this enormous debt, some day.It was a privilege to have learnt from a few great teachers during my formative years. Their vision of an indelible unity in nature continues to motivate my study of physics. vii AbstractThe precision measurement of position has a long-standing tradition in physics. Cavendish's verification of the universal law of gravitation using a torsion pendulum, Perrin's confirmation of the atomic hypothesis via the precise measurement of the Brownian motion, and, the verification of the mechanical effect of electromagnetic radiation, all belong to this classical heritage. Quantum mechanics posits that the measurement of position results in an uncertain momentum; an idea developed to full maturity within the ...

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Quantum limits of interferometer topologies for gravitational radiation detection

Cited by 45 publications

References 52 publications

Beating the Standard Sensitivity-Bandwidth Limit of Cavity-Enhanced Interferometers with Internal Squeezed-Light Generation

Beating the Standard Sensitivity-Bandwidth Limit of Cavity-Enhanced Interferometers with Internal Squeezed-Light Generation

Enhancing the Bandwidth of Gravitational-Wave Detectors with Unstable Optomechanical Filters

Quantum Limits on Measurement and Control of a Mechanical Oscillator

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