Quantum money from hidden subspaces

Aaronson, Scott; Christiano, Paul F.

doi:10.1145/2213977.2213983

“…Further work on publicly-verifiable (also called public-key quantum money) includes schemes based on the computational difficulty of some knot-theory related problems [107] (see also [3]), verification "oracles" [1] and hidden subspaces [2].…”

Section: Conjugate Codingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum cryptography beyond quantum key distribution

Broadbent

¹

,

Schaffner

²

2015

Des. Codes Cryptogr.

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Quantum cryptography is the art and science of exploiting quantum mechanical effects in order to perform cryptographic tasks. While the most well-known example of this discipline is quantum key distribution (QKD), there exist many other applications such as quantum money, randomness generation, secure two-and multi-party computation and delegated quantum computation. Quantum cryptography also studies the limitations and challenges resulting from quantum adversaries-including the impossibility of quantum bit commitment, the difficulty of quantum rewinding and the definition of quantum security models for classical primitives. In this review article, aimed primarily at cryptographers unfamiliar with the quantum world, we survey the area of theoretical quantum cryptography, with an emphasis on the constructions and limitations beyond the realm of QKD.

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“…Instead, the qubits can be prepared randomly, and the success probability will be (3/4) . According to Aaronson and Christiano [188], Wiesner's scheme suffers from three distinct drawbacks:…”

Section: Quantum Moneymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The "Online Attack Problem": A bank that returns invalid banknotes to the sender allows a counterfeiter to break the system [188][189][190].…”

Section: Quantum Moneymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Together with a digital signature scheme, the mini-scheme can then be extended to a fully-fledged currency that handles any finite amount of money. The reason for a two-step construction is a security reduction: If the mini-scheme can be proven secure, then the full quantum money system is secure given a secure digital signature scheme [188]. Aaronson and Christiano [188] introduced three proposals for public-key quantum money.…”

Section: ]mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breaking the Unbreakable: Exploiting Loopholes in Bell’s Theorem to Hack Quantum Cryptography

Jogenfors¹

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Akademisk avhandlingsom för avläggande av doktorsexamen vid Linköpings Universitet kommer att offentligt försvaras i sal Ada Lovelace, hus B, universitetsområde Valla, fredagen den 17 november 2017 kl. 13:00. Fakultetsopponent är Professor Marek Zukowski, Instytut Fizyki Teoretycznej i Astrofizyki, Uniwersytet Gdański. AbstractIn this thesis we study device-independent quantum key distribution based on energy-time entanglement. This is a method for cryptography that promises not only perfect secrecy, but also to be a practical method for quantum key distribution thanks to the reduced complexity when compared to other quantum key distribution protocols. However, there still exist a number of loopholes that must be understood and eliminated in order to rule out eavesdroppers. We study several relevant loopholes and show how they can be used to break the security of energy-time entangled systems. Attack strategies are reviewed as well as their countermeasures, and we show how full security can be re-established.Quantum key distribution is in part based on the profound no-cloning theorem, which prevents physical states to be copied at a microscopic level. This important property of quantum mechanics can be seen as Nature's own copy-protection, and can also be used to create a currency based on quantum mechanics, i.e., quantum money. Here, the traditional copy-protection mechanisms of traditional coins and banknotes can be abandoned in favor of the laws of quantum physics. Previously, quantum money assumes a traditional hierarchy where a central, trusted bank controls the economy. We show how quantum money together with a blockchain allows for Quantum Bitcoin, a novel hybrid currency that promises fast transactions, extensive scalability, and full anonymity. Cover imageLayout of the Franson interferometer, a scheme used for testing the Bell inequality using energy-time entanglement. AbstractIn this thesis we study device-independent quantum key distribution based on energy-time entanglement. This is a method for cryptography that promises not only perfect secrecy, but also to be a practical method for quantum key distribution thanks to the reduced complexity when compared to other quantum key distribution protocols. However, there still exist a number of loopholes that must be understood and eliminated in order to rule out eavesdroppers. We study several relevant loopholes and show how they can be used to break the security of energy-time entangled systems. Attack strategies are reviewed as well as their countermeasures, and we show how full security can be re-established.Quantum key distribution is in part based on the profound no-cloning theorem, which prevents physical states to be copied at a microscopic level. This important property of quantum mechanics can be seen as Nature's own copy-protection, and can also be used to create a currency based on quantum mechanics, i.e., quantum money. Here, the traditional copy-protection mechanisms of traditional coins and banknotes can be abandoned in favor of the laws of...

show abstract

“…The reason for a two-step construction is a security reduction: If the mini-scheme can be proven secure, then the full quantum money system is secure given a secure digital signature scheme [188]. Aaronson and Christiano [188] introduced three proposals for public-key quantum money. The first is an abstract scheme, which uses a random oracle and is proven secure.…”

Section: ]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking the Unbreakable: Exploiting Loopholes in Bell’s Theorem to Hack Quantum Cryptography

Jogenfors¹

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Akademisk avhandlingsom för avläggande av doktorsexamen vid Linköpings Universitet kommer att offentligt försvaras i sal Ada Lovelace, hus B, universitetsområde Valla, fredagen den 17 november 2017 kl. 13:00. Fakultetsopponent är Professor Marek Zukowski, Instytut Fizyki Teoretycznej i Astrofizyki, Uniwersytet Gdański. AbstractIn this thesis we study device-independent quantum key distribution based on energy-time entanglement. This is a method for cryptography that promises not only perfect secrecy, but also to be a practical method for quantum key distribution thanks to the reduced complexity when compared to other quantum key distribution protocols. However, there still exist a number of loopholes that must be understood and eliminated in order to rule out eavesdroppers. We study several relevant loopholes and show how they can be used to break the security of energy-time entangled systems. Attack strategies are reviewed as well as their countermeasures, and we show how full security can be re-established.Quantum key distribution is in part based on the profound no-cloning theorem, which prevents physical states to be copied at a microscopic level. This important property of quantum mechanics can be seen as Nature's own copy-protection, and can also be used to create a currency based on quantum mechanics, i.e., quantum money. Here, the traditional copy-protection mechanisms of traditional coins and banknotes can be abandoned in favor of the laws of quantum physics. Previously, quantum money assumes a traditional hierarchy where a central, trusted bank controls the economy. We show how quantum money together with a blockchain allows for Quantum Bitcoin, a novel hybrid currency that promises fast transactions, extensive scalability, and full anonymity. Cover imageLayout of the Franson interferometer, a scheme used for testing the Bell inequality using energy-time entanglement. AbstractIn this thesis we study device-independent quantum key distribution based on energy-time entanglement. This is a method for cryptography that promises not only perfect secrecy, but also to be a practical method for quantum key distribution thanks to the reduced complexity when compared to other quantum key distribution protocols. However, there still exist a number of loopholes that must be understood and eliminated in order to rule out eavesdroppers. We study several relevant loopholes and show how they can be used to break the security of energy-time entangled systems. Attack strategies are reviewed as well as their countermeasures, and we show how full security can be re-established.Quantum key distribution is in part based on the profound no-cloning theorem, which prevents physical states to be copied at a microscopic level. This important property of quantum mechanics can be seen as Nature's own copy-protection, and can also be used to create a currency based on quantum mechanics, i.e., quantum money. Here, the traditional copy-protection mechanisms of traditional coins and banknotes can be abandoned in favor of the laws of...

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Quantum money from hidden subspaces

Cited by 125 publications

References 59 publications

Quantum cryptography beyond quantum key distribution

Quantum cryptography beyond quantum key distribution

Breaking the Unbreakable: Exploiting Loopholes in Bell’s Theorem to Hack Quantum Cryptography

Breaking the Unbreakable: Exploiting Loopholes in Bell’s Theorem to Hack Quantum Cryptography

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