Quantum scholasticism: On quantum contexts, counterfactuals, and the absurdities of quantum omniscience

Abstract

a b s t r a c tUnlike classical information, quantum knowledge is restricted to the outcome of measurements of maximal observables corresponding to single contexts.

New Forms of Quantum Value Indefiniteness Suggest That Incompatible Views on Contexts Are Epistemic

“…Therefore, both cannot be true at the same time, because this would result in their sum being two. This might be called a true-implies-false property [ 45 ] (also known as the one-zero rule [ 46 ]) on the atoms and .…”

“…This non-classical behavior can be “boosted” by an extension of the Specker bug logic ( , p. 68, [ 34 ]), including two additional contexts , as well as , as depicted in Figure 4 b. It implements a true-implies-true property [ 45 ] (also known as the one-one rule [ 46 ]) for and . Cabello’s bound on the angle between and mentioned earlier results in bounds between and , as well as and : since and , as well as and are orthogonal, that is, , it follows for planar configurations that .…”

Which Fine-Tuning Arguments Are Fine?

“…". The Kochen-Specker theorem and Specker's discussion of counterfactuals in 1960 placing them in the context of medieval scholastic philosophy were the starting point of a heated debate on the use of counterfactuals in quantum mechanics (for recent reviews see [60,58]). Peres formulated perhaps clearest statements about the post-Bell-theorem status of counterfactuals:…”

Kochen–Specker Sets and Generalized Orthoarguesian Equations

“…Recently, the term Greechie diagram has been used to denote other kinds of hypergraphs related to pastings [15][16][17], Kochen-Specker sets [18], test spaces [19], etc. For these hypergraphs, condition 4 above does not necessarily hold, but for our elaboration and the generation of our diagrams it is essential.…”