Quantum teleportation and information splitting via four-qubit cluster state and a Bell state

Abstract

Quantum teleportation provides a 'bodiless' way of transmitting the quantum state from one object to another, at a distant location, using a classical communication channel and a previously shared entangled state. In this paper, we present a tripartite scheme for probabilistic teleportation of an arbitrary single qubit state, without losing the information of the state being teleported, via a four-qubit cluster state of the form |φ 1234 = α|0000 + β|1010 + γ|0101 − η |1111 , as the quantum channel, where the nonzero real numbers α, β, γ, and η satisfy the relation |α| 2 +|β| 2 +|γ| 2 +|η| 2 = 1. With the introduction of an auxiliary qubit with state |0 , using a suitable unitary transformation and a positive-operator valued measure (POVM), the receiver can recreate the state of the original qubit. An important advantage of the teleportation scheme demonstrated here is that, if the teleportation fails, it can be repeated without teleporting copies of the unknown quantum state, if the concerned parties share another pair of entangled qubit. We also present a protocol for quantum information splitting of an arbitrary two-particle system via the aforementioned cluster state and a Bellstate as the quantum channel. Problems related to security attacks were examined for both the cases and it was found that this protocol is secure. This protocol is highly efficient and easy to implement.

Splitting an Arbitrary Three-Qubit State via a Five-Qubit Cluster State and a Bell State

“…Bond is the information receiver, and Calvin is the controller. Alison first prepares the required quantum entanglement resources as the quantum channel [18], which is given as follows:…”

“…In the following equations, the symbol ± in |ϑ 1357 represents the results of three qubit pairs (x, 2), (y, 4), and (z, 6) under the Bell basis {|φ ± , |ϕ ± } in the left-to-right order, respectively. See Equations ( 11)- (18) for the specific measurement outcomes.…”

“…It is widely used in quantum communication technologies, such as quantum teleportation [6,7], controlled teleportation [8][9][10], quantum secret sharing (QSS) [11][12][13], and quantum information splitting [14,15]. In general, QSS mainly involves two principles: one is to share classical secret information [16,17], and the other is to share confidential quantum information [18,19].…”

Experimental realization of quantum controlled teleportation of arbitrary two-qubit state via a five-qubit entangled state

“…Since Bennet [9] proposed the concept of quantum teleportation (QT) in 1993, the quantum teleportation has been extensively studied, thus quite a lot of improved teleportation schemes have been proposed, such as quantum controlled teleportation (QCT), [10][11][12][13][14] quantum information splitting (QIS), [15,16] bidirectional quantum controlled teleportation (BQCT), [17,18] and hierarchical quantum teleportation (HQT), [19] etc. The most significant difference between the quantum controlled teleportation and the quantum teleportation lies in the fact that the former has a legitimate supervisor, and the communication process can only achieve the transmission of information between the two communicating parties under the supervisor's consent.…”

Controlled quantum teleportation of an unknown single-qutrit state in noisy channels with memory*

“…The QT has been validated in several physical experiments. [2,3] Interest in QT has grown considerably since Bennett et al's work, and many QT schemes [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] have been proposed. A controlled QT (CQT) scheme was devised [15][16][17] that increased the security of QT by requiring a controller to give permission for the transmission between the sender and the receiver.…”