Quantum Thermal Conductance of Electrons in a One-Dimensional Wire

Chiatti, Olivio; Nicholls, J.E.; Proskuryakov, Y. Y.; Lumpkin, N. E.; Farrer, I.; Ritchie, D. A.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.97.056601

Cited by 97 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In support of this general interest a number of recent experiments in the low-density quantum wires revealed deviations from the perfect conductance quantization, 13 a lower value of the thermal conductance than predicted by the Wiedemann-Franz law, 14 and enhanced thermopower. 15 Although there is no consensus on the theoretical interpretation of these observations it is widely accepted that interaction effects are crucial in understanding of these features.…”

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confidence: 94%

Interaction-induced corrections to conductance and thermopower in quantum wires

2011

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We study transport properties of weakly interacting spinless electrons in one-dimensional single channel quantum wires. The effects of interaction manifest as three-particle collisions due to the severe constraints imposed by the conservation laws on the two-body processes. We focus on short wires where the effects of equilibration on the distribution function can be neglected and collision integral can be treated in perturbation theory. We find that interaction-induced corrections to conductance and thermopower rely on the scattering processes that change number of right-and left-moving electrons. The latter requires transition at the bottom of the band which is exponentially suppressed at low temperatures. Our theory is based on the scattering approach that is beyond the Luttinger-liquid limit. We emphasize the crucial role of the exchange terms in the three-particle scattering amplitude that was not discussed in the previous studies. Introduction.-The quest for fundamental theory of interacting low-dimensional many-body quantum liquids and solids continues.1-10 Over the past several decades the traditional framework for discussing onedimensional (1D) systems was provided by the Luttingerliquid (LL) theory.11 It exploits an approximation of linearized fermionic dispersion relation which makes this model exactly solvable. While being extremely fruitful in many cases an ideal LL model, however, possesses certain deficiency. For example, elementary bosonic excitations (plasmons) of the LL have infinite life time so that there is no relaxation toward the equilibrium within this description regardless of the strength of interaction. The effects of interaction show no sign in application to the dc transport coefficients of clean, single channel short quantum wires. Indeed, it has been shown 12 that within LL model the interactions inside the wire do not affect conductance which is simply given by its noninteracting value. Clearly, a model with the linearized spectrum is an idealized one. It is really the delicate interplay between the dispersion nonlinearity and interactions in reduced dimensions that bring new insights. Thus, current interest in the properties of 1D systems is focused on the physics that lies beyond the Luttinger-liquid limit.

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confidence: 94%

Interaction-induced corrections to conductance and thermopower in quantum wires

2011

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“…These limits have been explored in a variety of microdevices (14)(15)(16)(17)(18), where it has been shown that, irrespective of the nature of the carriers (phonons, photons, or electrons), heat is ultimately transported via discrete channels. The maximum contribution per channel to the thermal conductance is equal to the universal thermal conductance quantum G 0,Th = p…”

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confidence: 99%

Quantized thermal transport in single-atom junctions

Cui

Jeong

Hur

et al. 2017

Science

201

232

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Thermal transport in individual atomic junctions and chains is of great fundamental interest because of the distinctive quantum effects expected to arise in them. By using novel, custom-fabricated, picowatt-resolution calorimetric scanning probes, we measured the thermal conductance of gold and platinum metallic wires down to singleatom junctions. Our work reveals that the thermal conductance of gold single-atom junctions is quantized at room temperature and shows that the Wiedemann-Franz law relating thermal and electrical conductance is satisfied even in single-atom contacts. Furthermore, we quantitatively explain our experimental results within the Landauer framework for quantum thermal transport. The experimental techniques reported here will enable thermal transport studies in atomic and molecular chains, which will be key to investigating numerous fundamental issues that thus far have remained experimentally inaccessible.T he study of thermal transport at the nanoscale is of critical importance for the development of novel nanoelectronic devices and holds promise to unravel quantum phenomena that have no classical analogs (1-3). In the context of nanoscale devices, metallic atomic-size contacts (4) and single-molecule junctions (5) represent the ultimate limit of miniaturization and have emerged as paradigmatic systems revealing previously unknown quantum effects related to charge and energy transport. For instance, transport properties of atomic-scale systems-such as electrical conductance (6), shot noise (7, 8), thermopower (9-11), and Joule heating (12)-are completely dominated by quantum effects, even at room temperature. Therefore, they drastically differ from those of macroscale devices. Unfortunately, the experimental study of thermal transport in these systems constitutes a formidable challenge and has remained elusive to date, in spite of its fundamental interest (13).Probing thermal transport in junctions of atomic dimensions is crucial for understanding the ultimate quantum limits of energy transport. These limits have been explored in a variety of microdevices (14-18), where it has been shown that, irrespective of the nature of the carriers (phonons, photons, or electrons), heat is ultimately transported via discrete channels. The maximum contribution per channel to the thermal conductance is equal to the universal thermal conduct-T/3h, where k B is the Boltzmann constant, T is the absolute temperature, and h is the Planck's constant. However, observations of quantum thermal transport in microscale devices have only been possible at sub-Kelvin temperatures, and other attempts at higher-temperature regimes have yielded inconclusive results (19).The energy-level spacing in metallic contacts of atomic size is of the order of electron volts (i.e., much larger than thermal energy); therefore, these junctions offer an opportunity to explore whether thermal transport can still be quantized at room temperature. However, probing thermal transport in atomic junctions is challenging because of the technic...

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“…g is experimentally measured for phonons [3], electrons [4], and even photons [5]. However, it is known that this quantization breaks at high temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crossover to Quantized Thermal Conductance in Nanotubes and Nanowires

Yamamoto¹,

Ishii²,

Kobayashi³

et al. 2013

OJCM

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Using the non-equilibrium Green's function techniques with interatomic potentials, we study the temperature dependence and the crossover of thermal conductance from the usual behavior proportional to the cross-sectional area at room temperature to the universal quantized behavior at low temperature for carbon nanotubes, silicon nanowires, and diamond nanowires. We find that this crossover of thermal conductance occurs smoothly for the quasi-one-dimensional materials and its universal behavior is well reproduced by the simplified model characterized by two parameters.

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Quantum Thermal Conductance of Electrons in a One-Dimensional Wire

Cited by 97 publications

References 25 publications

Interaction-induced corrections to conductance and thermopower in quantum wires

Interaction-induced corrections to conductance and thermopower in quantum wires

Quantized thermal transport in single-atom junctions

Crossover to Quantized Thermal Conductance in Nanotubes and Nanowires

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