Quantum time dilation in atomic spectra

Grochowski, Piotr T.; Smith, Alexander R. H.; Dragan, Andrzej; Dębski, Kacper

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2006.10084

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This result adds to the growing list of quantum reference frame dependent physical properties, such as entanglement [60,62,64], spin [63], classicality [62] or objectivity [69,70] of a subsystem, superpositions [60,62,74], certain quantum resources [68], measurements [60,66], causal relations [43,73], temporal locality [1,43], and even spacetime singularity resolution [67]. The temporal frame changes may also be employed to extend recent proposals for studying time dilation effects of quantum clocks [41,123] (see also [124][125][126][127]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Equivalence of Approaches to Relational Quantum Dynamics in Relativistic Settings

2021

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We have previously shown that three approaches to relational quantum dynamics—relational Dirac observables, the Page-Wootters formalism and quantum deparametrizations—are equivalent. Here we show that this “trinity” of relational quantum dynamics holds in relativistic settings per frequency superselection sector. Time according to a clock subsystem is defined via a positive operator-valued measure (POVM) that is covariant with respect to the group generated by its (quadratic) Hamiltonian. This differs from the usual choice of a self-adjoint clock observable conjugate to the clock momentum. It also resolves Kuchař's criticism that the Page-Wootters formalism yields incorrect localization probabilities for the relativistic particle when conditioning on a Minkowski time operator. We show that conditioning instead on the covariant clock POVM results in a Newton-Wigner type localization probability commonly used in relativistic quantum mechanics. By establishing the equivalence mentioned above, we also assign a consistent conditional-probability interpretation to relational observables and deparametrizations. Finally, we expand a recent method of changing temporal reference frames, and show how to transform states and observables frequency-sector-wise. We use this method to discuss an indirect clock self-reference effect and explore the state and temporal frame-dependence of the task of comparing and synchronizing different quantum clocks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Equivalence of Approaches to Relational Quantum Dynamics in Relativistic Settings

2021

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“…It would be interesting to study the recent proposals[77][78][79] for quantum time dilation effects in terms of the temporal QRF transformations as in Refs [42][43][44][45]48]…”

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confidence: 99%

Quantum reference frame transformations as symmetries and the paradox of the third particle

Krumm,

Hoehn,

Mueller

2020

Preprint

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In a quantum world, reference frames are ultimately quantum systems too -but what does it mean to "jump into the perspective of a quantum particle"? In this work, we show that quantum reference frame (QRF) transformations appear naturally as symmetries of simple physical systems. This allows us to rederive and generalize known QRF transformations within an alternative, operationally transparent framework, and to shed new light on their structure and interpretation. We give an explicit description of the observables that are measurable by agents constrained by such quantum symmetries, and apply our results to a puzzle known as the 'paradox of the third particle'. We argue that it can be reduced to the question of how to relationally embed fewer into more particles, and give a thorough physical and algebraic analysis of this question. This leads us to a generalization of the partial trace ('relational trace') which arguably resolves the paradox, and it uncovers important structures of constraint quantization within a simple quantum information setting, such as relational observables which are key in this resolution. While we restrict our attention to finite Abelian groups for transparency and mathematical rigor, the intuitive physical appeal of our results makes us expect that they remain valid in more general situations.

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“…Such superpositions of reference frame transformations naturally arise when a quantum system that serves to define a rest frame is in a coherent superposition of velocities, as can be the case here with the second-quantized UDW detectors. In this case, for example, proper time is then subject to a quantum superposition of special relativistic time dilations [58,67,68]. This phenomenon is described here in Sec.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Second-quantized Unruh-DeWitt detectors and their quantum reference frame transformations

Giacomini,

Kempf

2022

Preprint

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We generalize the Unruh-DeWitt detector model to second quantization. We illustrate this model by applying it to an excited particle in a superposition of relativistic velocities. We calculate, to first order, how its decay depends on whether its superposition of velocities is coherent or incoherent. Further, we generalize the framework of quantum reference frames to allow transformations to the rest frames of second-quantized Unruh DeWitt detectors. As an application, we show how to transform into the rest frame of a decaying particle that, in the laboratory frame, is in a linear superposition of relativistically differing velocities.

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Quantum time dilation in atomic spectra

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Equivalence of Approaches to Relational Quantum Dynamics in Relativistic Settings

Equivalence of Approaches to Relational Quantum Dynamics in Relativistic Settings

Quantum reference frame transformations as symmetries and the paradox of the third particle

Second-quantized Unruh-DeWitt detectors and their quantum reference frame transformations

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