Quantum Uncertainty and Energy Flux in Extended Electrodynamics

Minotti, F.; Modanese, Giovanni

doi:10.3390/quantum3040044

Cited by 4 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…This justifies the name of 'gauge waves'. It can also be verified using the generalized expressions for the field energy and momentum densities [17] that a gauge wave does not carry any energy or momentum. Actually, in a gauge-invariant theory such a wave would be regarded as non physical, because it is equivalent, via a gauge transformation, to one with potentials f and A identically zero.…”

Section: Gauge Waves: Properties and Generationmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…In a sense, the wave acts as a catalyst of the transduction of energy between the source and the current variations. Actually, the results here presented are derived from the conservation of energy relation valid in the context of Aharonov-Bohm electrodynamics [17], so that the principle of conservation of energy is fulfilled.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While no generally accepted explanation of these superconductive properties exists, it is quite clear that conduction in graphite involves effects of macroscopic quantization. In this case one may expect some violations of local charge conservation because (1) several phenomenological non-BCS models of superconductivity comprise nonlocal wave equations [18]; (2) the number/phase uncertainty relation ΔNΔf ; 1 and the non-commutativity of the quantum operators r ˆand j împoses a quantum uncertainty on the operator r ¶ +  j t ˆ•ˆ [ 17].…”

Section: Possible Materials Suitable For a Gauge Wave Probementioning

confidence: 99%

“…From relation (17) we thus have, using also the γ-model developed in [1] to express I in terms of the electric current, as detailed in that reference,…”

Section: ( )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extended theory of electrodynamics by Aharonov and Bohm [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] is a generalization of the familiar Maxwell theory which allows to couple the e.m. field also to sources where charge is not locally conserved-a phenomenon that is expected to occur in certain physical system with meso-or macroscopic quantum effects. Just because of this more general setting, the theory is not gauge invariant, and the electric and magnetic potentials f, A become univocally defined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simple circuit and experimental proposal for the detection of gauge-waves

Minotti,

Modanese

2024

J. Phys. Commun.

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Aharonov-Bohm electrodynamics predicts the existence of traveling waves of pure potentials, with zero electromagnetic fields, denoted as gauge waves, or g-waves for short. In general, these waves cannot be shielded by matter since their lack of electromagnetic fields prevents the material from reacting to them. However, a not-locally-conserved electric current present in the material does interact with the potentials in the wave, giving the possibility of its detection. In [F.M.,G.M.,Eur.Phys.J. C 83, 1086 (2023)] the basic theoretical description of a detecting circuit was presented, based on a phenomenological theory of materials that can sustain not-locally-conserved electric currents. In the present work we discuss how that circuit can be built in practice, and used for the effective detection of g-waves.

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Section: Gauge Waves: Properties and Generationmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Possible Materials Suitable For a Gauge Wave Probementioning

confidence: 99%

“…From relation (17) we thus have, using also the γ-model developed in [1] to express I in terms of the electric current, as detailed in that reference,…”

Section: ( )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simple circuit and experimental proposal for the detection of gauge-waves

Minotti,

Modanese

2024

J. Phys. Commun.

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Gauge waves generation and detection in Aharonov–Bohm electrodynamics

Minotti,

Modanese

2023

Eur. Phys. J. C

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The extended Aharonov–Bohm electrodynamics has a simple formal structure and allows to couple the e.m. field also to currents which are not locally conserved, like those resulting from certain non-local effective quantum models of condensed matter. As it often happens in physics and mathematics when one tries to extend the validity of some equations or operations, new perspectives emerge in comparison to Maxwell theory, and some “exotic” phenomena are predicted. For the Aharonov–Bohm theory the main new feature is that the potentials $$A^\mu $$ A μ become univocally defined and can be measured with probes in which the “extra-current” $$I=\partial _\mu j^\mu $$ I = ∂ μ j μ is not zero at some points. As a consequence, it is possible in principle to detect pure gauge-waves with $${\textbf{E}}={\textbf{B}}=0$$ E = B = 0 , which would be regarded as non-physical in the Maxwell gauge-invariant theory with local current conservation. We discuss in detail the theoretical aspects of this phenomenon and propose an experimental realization of the detectors. A full treatment of wave propagation in anomalous media with extra-currents and of energy–momentum balance issues is also given.

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Electromagnetic Signatures of Possible Charge Anomalies in Tunneling

Minotti

Modanese

2022

Quantum Reports

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We reconsider some well-known tunneling processes from the point of view of Aharonov-Bohm electrodynamics, a unique extension of Maxwell’s theory which admits charge-current sources that are not locally conserved. In particular we are interested into tunneling phenomena having relatively long range (otherwise the non-Maxwellian effects become irrelevant, especially at high frequency) and involving macroscopic wavefunctions and coherent matter, for which it makes sense to evaluate the classical e.m. field generated by the tunneling particles. For some condensed-matter systems, admitting discontinuities in the probability current is a possible way of formulating phenomenological models. In such cases, the Aharonov-Bohm theory offers a logically consistent approach and allows to derive observable consequences. Typical e.m. signatures of the failure of local conservation are at high frequency the generation of a longitudinal electric radiation field, and at low frequency a small effect of “missing” magnetic field. Possible causes of this failure are instant tunneling and phase slips in superconductors. For macroscopic quantum systems in which the phase-number uncertainty relation ΔNΔφ∼1 applies, the expectation value of the anomalous source I=∂tρ+∇·j has quantum fluctuations, thus becoming a random source of weak non-Maxwellian fields.

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Quantum Uncertainty and Energy Flux in Extended Electrodynamics

Cited by 4 publications

References 37 publications

Simple circuit and experimental proposal for the detection of gauge-waves

Simple circuit and experimental proposal for the detection of gauge-waves

Gauge waves generation and detection in Aharonov–Bohm electrodynamics

Electromagnetic Signatures of Possible Charge Anomalies in Tunneling

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