1994
DOI: 10.1126/science.263.5144.205
|View full text |Cite
|
Sign up to set email alerts
|

Quantum Yield for Production of CH 3 NC in the Photolysis of CH 3 NCS

Abstract: The ultraviolet spectrum of methyl isothiocyanate (CH(3)NCS) and the quantum yield for its dissociation into methyl isocyanide (CH(3)NC) and atomic sulfur at 308 nanometers, Phi = 0.98 +/- 0.24, were measured. Methyl isothiocyanate is widely used as an agricultural fumigant and readily enters the atmosphere during and after application. The results indicate that photodissociation by sunlight is an effective pathway for its removal from the atmosphere.

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...
4
1

Citation Types

1
39
0

Year Published

1996
1996
2007
2007

Publication Types

Select...
3
1
1

Relationship

0
5

Authors

Journals

citations
Cited by 32 publications
(40 citation statements)
references
References 22 publications
1
39
0
Order By: Relevance
“…187) OH reaction rate constant f(T) 233 Roehl et al 1997 [484] assuming Φ = 1. 209) Measured by Alvarez and Moore 1994 [459] Φ = 0.98 ± 0.24 at 308 nm; k hy = 6.7E-6 s -1 calculated for a zenith angle 40° using Φ = 1 [459,457]. 208) Calculated for sea level, 40° zenith by Roehl et al 1997 [484] assuming Φ = 1.…”
Section: )mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…187) OH reaction rate constant f(T) 233 Roehl et al 1997 [484] assuming Φ = 1. 209) Measured by Alvarez and Moore 1994 [459] Φ = 0.98 ± 0.24 at 308 nm; k hy = 6.7E-6 s -1 calculated for a zenith angle 40° using Φ = 1 [459,457]. 208) Calculated for sea level, 40° zenith by Roehl et al 1997 [484] assuming Φ = 1.…”
Section: )mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In 1991, 2 ϫ 10 10 g of Metam were applied in the United States [1], and the application in California alone in the same year approached 3 ϫ 10 9 g [2]. Under normal application, the pesticide is activated when mixed with water and applied as a soil drench, after which Metam decomposes, releasing volatile and toxic by-products, including methyl isothiocyanate (CH 3 NCS) [3].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Little is known about the toxicity of CH 3 NCS in the environment with respect to either human health or natural resources [2], and there is uncertainty relative to the by-products that are formed, particularly in the presence of sunlight [1,4]. The data on acute CH 3 NCS toxicity to mammals (rat and mice) indicate a lethal dose (LD50) of Ն50 mg/kg body weight, whereas the lethal concentration (LC50) in air is Ն1.9 g/m 3 for 1 h [5].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Methylisothiocyanate (MeNCS) is an industrial chemical as well as a purported degradation product of DTTT. Methylisothiocyanate finds use as a soil fumigant in agriculture; approximately 10,000 metric tons are produced annually in the U.S. mainly from sodium N-methyldithiocarbamate [12]. Methylisothiocyanate is highly volatile (13 torr at 24ЊC) and can undergo photolysis to methylisocyanide (MeNC) by sunlight [12].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Methylisothiocyanate finds use as a soil fumigant in agriculture; approximately 10,000 metric tons are produced annually in the U.S. mainly from sodium N-methyldithiocarbamate [12]. Methylisothiocyanate is highly volatile (13 torr at 24ЊC) and can undergo photolysis to methylisocyanide (MeNC) by sunlight [12]. Munnecke and coworkers have monitored the generation of MeNCS by UV spectroscopy from scrubbing of DTTT with ethanol [3][4][5].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%