ABSTRACT. Abnormally enlarged muscle fiber cells of ring form were incidentally detected in transverse sections of muscles of the common squirrel monkey during microscopic investigation of the composition of muscle fibers. Longitudinal sections showed slender capsule-like cysts in the sarcoplasm. Detailed examination revealed these cysts to be those of Sarcocystis. Among the three types of muscle fiber cells that compose the skeletal muscle, staining with Sudan black B revealed that this parasite selectively infested type II white fibers with a large diameter and a high glycogen content.