Quarantine, isolation and lockdown: in context of COVID-19

Abstract

Quarantine and lockdown, combined with restriction to the movement of people, along with measures like universal use of masks, social distancing, tracking, testing, isolation and specialized centers to manage COVID-19 patients, have been successful in the control and spread of the virus in China and most Asian countries, unlike in Europe and America. This review is written to provide information on quarantine, isolation and lockdown in the context of COVID-19 management. The quarantine and lockdown from historical, socio-cultural, and its effect on special circumstances, for example, the internal and international migrants, daily wage workers, refugees, and the ways in which countries have managed this issue, including the measures taken by Nepal to manage the quarantine and lockdown is briefly presented in this review.

Phenothiazinimides: Atom-Efficient Electrophilic Amination Reagents

“… 3 In 1977, Shah utilized this method to prepare what he thought to be sulfimide–phenothiazines. 4 Shah’s claim lies solely on an IR band at 920 cm –1 , which he attributes to the sulfimide S=N double bond. In 1979, however, Gontar claimed that Shah’s structure could not be correct because of the absence of NH band in the IR spectrum.…”

Subjective ratings of emotive stimuli predict the impact of the COVID-19 quarantine on affective states

“…In particular, for the analyses, we included only those participants who were actively undergoing quarantine. Thus, all participants were uniform in their cultural traits [34] and quarantine measures, including social isolation and distancing, the banning of social events and gatherings, the closure of schools, offices, and other facilities, and travel restrictions [35,36].…”

Human dignity and cross-border migrants in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic

“…The decision triggered a major border crisis, involving an influx of returnee Nepali migrants, who faced growing threat of virus, loss of livelihoods, as well as police surveillance in the Indian cities ( Sengupta & Jha, 2020 ). Many were stranded at various Indo-Nepal border checkpoints ( Shah, Shah & Shah, 2020 ), forcing some to take life-threatening measures such as crossing a river that flows between Indo-Nepal border ( Badu, 2020 ).…”

“…These facilities, according to emerging media reports, appear far from consistent with the World Health Organization standards, which call for “respect and dignity” to be maintained in the management of quarantine facilities ( World Health Organisation, 2020 ). Experts have warned of growing cases of anxiety and depression among quarantined migrants ( Shah et al, 2020 ), with at least one incident of a returnee migrant committing suicide inside a quarantine facility ( Dhakal, 2020 ). Concerns are also raised that the overcrowded quarantine services, instead of curtailing the spread of the outbreak, are seemingly exposing the migrants and wider community to an increased risk of infection ( Basnet et al, 2020 ).…”