A strong J /ψ suppression in central Au+Au collisions has been observed by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. We develop a hydro+J /ψ model in which hot quark-gluon matter is described by the full (3+1)-dimensional relativistic hydrodynamics and J /ψ is treated as an impurity traversing through the matter. The experimental J /ψ suppression pattern in midrapidity is reproduced well by the sequential melting of χ c , ψ , and J /ψ in dynamically expanding fluid. The melting temperature of directly produced J /ψ is well constrained by the participant-number dependence of the J /ψ suppression and is found to be about 2T c with T c being the pseudocritical temperature.A new state of matter composed of deconfined quarks and gluons, the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), is expected to be formed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions if the system reaches a temperature larger than the critical value T c ∼ 160-190 MeV as predicted by the lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) [1]. To find the experimental evidence of QGP, the heavy quarkonia (J /ψ, ψ , χ c , and ϒ) have long been considered the most promising probe, because they are supposed to melt away due to the color Debye screening at sufficiently high temperature [2]. Recent lattice QCD studies show that J /ψ would survive even up to about 2T c whereas χ c and ψ would be dissociated at different temperature [3][4][5]. Therefore, the heavy quarkonia may be used as a thermometer of QGP in relativistic heavy-ion collision experiments [6].Recently, high statistics data of Au+Au collisions at the center-of-mass energy per nucleon ( √ s NN ) of 200 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collier (RHIC) in Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) become available [7]. It is observed that J /ψ yield in central Au+Au collisions at RHIC is suppressed by a factor of 4 at midrapidity and 5 at forward rapidity relative to that in p+p collisions scaled by the average number of binary collisions. Cold nuclear matter (CNM) effects due to the gluon shadowing and nuclear absorption of J /ψ at the RHIC energy were evaluated from the J /ψ measurement in d+Au collisions [8]. Trend of the J /ψ suppression in d+Au collisions as a function of rapidity is reasonably well reproduced by the gluon shadowing with the Eskola-Kolhinen-Salgado (EKS) parametrization [9] and the nuclear absorption cross section σ abs ∼ 1 mb [8]. Then, a comparison of the J /ψ yield observed in Au+Au collisions at RHIC to that expected from CNM effects [10] reveals that J /ψ is anomalously suppressed in central collisions [11].So far, two scenarios have been proposed for the J /ψ suppression at RHIC energies. The first scenario is based on the sequential melting of the charmonia [12]: The J /ψ * gunji@cns.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp suppression previously observed at Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) in European Center for Nuclear Research (CERN) may be ascribed to the complete melting of χ c and ψ and associated absence of the feed down to J /ψ, whereas at RHIC, extra melting of J /ψ could be seen due to higher initial tempera...