Quarter car active suspension system: Minimum time controller design using singular perturbation method

Mohammadi, Younes; Ganjefar, Soheil

doi:10.1007/s12555-016-0608-3

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This beam has the pitch motion, therefore the model gains one additional DOF -equation (9). The governing equations (3)(4)(5)(6) are the same as in the previous section,the restis a bit different (1c), (2c), (7c), (8c).Additional labels stand for: φ Ls the pitch angle of the beam (rad), φ̇C its velocity (rad•s -1 ) and φ ̈ C its aceleration (rad•s -2 ), x LLs1,2 is the vertical displacement of the beam at the end, where it meets the suspension (m), its velocity x LLs2 respectively (m•s -1 ) and I Ls is the pitch axis moment of inertia of the beam (kg•m 2 ). The rest of the labels are the distances in (m).…”

Section: Dof Vehicle Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aspects of tandem bogie axles from perspective of state-space modeling

Maloch

Cornak

2020

19th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development Proceedings

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The main differences between tracked and wheeled vehicles are the cross-country capability, dependability, comfort, travel speed for the paved surfaces (roads) and last but not least -the amount of resistance which needs to be overcome in order to move the vehicle or its energy efficiency. In the past decade, these differences are growing thinner in favour of wheeled vehicles, due to clever design and modern technologies that enabled torque vectoring and suspension types that are far beyond the coil springs and ordinary dampers. The developments are so quick that somehow some designs are skipped and replaced by others, even before we reached its maximal potential. One such example are the leaf springs, the very old design which has its powerful benefits for the heavy trucks. Currently the researchers are focused on the enhancements for the material point of view, spring steel is being replaced by various composite materials, so it weighs less, its behaviour is more controllable and the unsprung mass is lower.But the power of the leaf spring lies elsewhereit is its utilization for the tandem suspensions, often called the tandem bogie, or walking beam -the leaf spring as the beam or equalizing suspension. For the driven axles, this layout greatly enhances the cross-country capability of wheeled vehicle, since it is able to equally distribute the normal forces, therefore the driving forces are higher and the vehicle can better move. This system works really well in real life muddy conditions, however, it is very complex for the simulations and modelling. Firstly, the leaf spring as it is and its dynamic nonlinear hysteretic behaviour is extremely complex, secondly, its implementation to the dynamic simulation is rather challenging. This paper will provide the insight to the differences between the independent suspension and the tandem one, from the perspective of the state-space models with 8 and 9 degrees of freedom.

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Section: Dof Vehicle Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These basic models are frequently used for quick analysis of the basic behaviour. Lot of modern suspension controllers are created on these two simplest models [3]. The dampers are main focus of many researchers [4], since their controllability has a big potential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of tandem bogie axles from perspective of state-space modeling

Maloch

Cornak

2020

19th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development Proceedings

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“…However, with modern suspensions, which utilize properties of hydraulic fluids or high-pressure gases, the demands are lower. Majority of publications concerned with the vehicle suspension are about active suspension [3][4][5] or fully active suspension (FAS). With FAS, there is a continuous flow of information between all suspension units and ECU along with ABS and all units of the vehicle, which can benefit from the information.…”

Section: Active Suspensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific aspects of active and semi-active suspensions

Maloch

Cornak

2018

Engineering for Rural Development

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Abstract. This paper is concerned with the needs and possibilities of implementing the active and semi-active suspensions for wheeled vehicles of the Army of the Czech Republic (ACR) -for drivetrain configuration 4x4 to 8x8. The computer technology is currently on a very high level, the amount of data computed per second is on steep rise and various processes have a capability to be driven almost real-time. The active suspension is nowadays fully implemented in the highest classes of civil cars, therefore, it is time for the implementation into the demands for modernisation of the wheeled vehicles of ACR. The land relief of central Europe is significantly mountainous, thus the demands for the wheeled vehicles, in terms of overcoming obstacles, are very high. After the application of the active suspension, the mobility and driving comfort of the vehicle are greatly enhanced. Unfortunately, at the cost of increased energy consumption. Therefore, the amount of energy available for the drivetrain is significantly lowered. On the other hand, the amount of energy required by the semi-active suspension is remarkably lower. The mobility and driving comfort are better than a passive suspension. Thus, it is recommendable to use scanning of the land relief in front of the vehicle subsequently controlling the chosen elements of the suspension by suitable algorithms. The aim of this study is to create an analysis of accessible information about the applications and control methods of active and semi-active suspensions. Evaluation of the wide range of possibilities was done with regard to the crew of the vehicle. The crew is facing problems from the fatigue and incidence of motion sickness to the worst case scenario, failure of organs.

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“…Two main types of vehicle model are used in the estimation method. A quarter car model is widely used in active suspension control systems or road condition estimation, and is usually applied to describe the vertical forces of the vehicle body, the suspension, and the wheels [8][9][10][11]. This model is always used in two-axle vehicles and requires a large amount of experimental dampness and stiffness data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Tire Forces Estimation of Multi-Axle Trucks Based on an Adaptive Treble Extend Kalman Filter

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

Chin. J. Mech. Eng.

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Vertical tire forces are essential for vehicle modelling and dynamic control. However, an evaluation of the vertical tire forces on a multi-axle truck is difficult to accomplish. The current methods require a large amount of experimental data and many sensors owing to the wide variation of the parameters and the over-constraint. To simplify the design process and reduce the demand of the sensors, this paper presents a practical approach to estimating the vertical tire forces of a multi-axle truck for dynamic control. The estimation system is based on a novel vertical force model and a proposed adaptive treble extend Kalman filter (ATEKF). To adapt to the widely varying parameters, a sliding mode update is designed to make the ATEKF adaptive, and together with the use of an initial setting update and a vertical tire force adjustment, the overall system becomes more robust. In particular, the model aims to eliminate the effects of the over-constraint and the uneven weight distribution. The results show that the ATEKF method achieves an excellent performance in a vertical force evaluation, and its performance is better than that of the treble extend Kalman filter.

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Quarter car active suspension system: Minimum time controller design using singular perturbation method

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Aspects of tandem bogie axles from perspective of state-space modeling

Aspects of tandem bogie axles from perspective of state-space modeling

Specific aspects of active and semi-active suspensions

Vertical Tire Forces Estimation of Multi-Axle Trucks Based on an Adaptive Treble Extend Kalman Filter

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