Quartz capillary microreactor for studies of oxidation in supercritical water

Maharrey, Sean P.; Miller, David R.

doi:10.1002/aic.690470526

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In principle, the simplest flow device used for chemical reactions are hot tubes made out of glass or quartz that can be operated up to 900 °C, although very often not under high pressure 53. When housed in a Ta tubing which is resistively heated, a quartz capillary has been operated at 530 °C and 280 bar for studying the oxidation of AcOH in scH 2 O 54…”

Section: Reactor Design and Experimental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Flow Organic Synthesis under High‐Temperature/Pressure Conditions

Razzaq

Kappe

2010

Chemistry An Asian Journal

297

151

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Microreactor technology and continuous flow processing in general are key features in making organic synthesis both more economical and environmentally friendly. When preformed under a high-temperature/pressure process intensification regime many transformations originally not considered suitable for flow synthesis owing to long reaction times can be converted into high-speed flow chemistry protocols that can operate at production-scale quantities. This Focus Review summarizes the state of the art in high-temperature/pressure microreactor technology and provides a survey of successful applications of this technique from the recent synthetic organic chemistry literature.

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Section: Reactor Design and Experimental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Flow Organic Synthesis under High‐Temperature/Pressure Conditions

Razzaq

Kappe

2010

Chemistry An Asian Journal

297

151

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“…For the orifice source this was a straightforward isentropic flow calculation, but for the capillary, the typical analysis involves the quasi-one-dimensional (QOD) approximation including viscous frictional effects, as well as heat transfer if the capillary is substantially heated or cooled [7,8,9]. In order to compare with the orifice free-jet studies it is necessary to compute the capillary exit conditions, which provide the inlet conditions for the free-jet.…”

Section: Numerical Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Free-Jet Expansion of Supercritical CO2 from a Capillary Source

Khalil¹,

Miller²

2005

AIP Conference Proceedings

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In this paper we present computational and experimental results for the expansions of supercritical CO 2 from capillary sources, and compare them with similar expansions from orifices of the same diameters, with source pressures up to 100 bar and temperatures up to 70 o C. The expansions impact a vertical flat plate near ten diameters along the centerline. The subsonic flow from stagnation source conditions to the capillary exit is calculated as a quasi-onedimensional viscous flow to exit Mach number = 1 conditions, and then a time marching, two-step predictor corrector Lax-Wendroff axisymmetric method is used to calculate the two-dimensional supersonic expansion, shock structure, and subsonic flow against the flat plate. Experimentally we have made shadowgraph measurements of the shock structure, and temperature and pressure measurements at the flat plate. We find very good agreement between our calculations and experiments for both the capillary and orifice sources for flow rate and shock structure, quantitatively characterized by the Mach disk location as a function of source conditions and flat plate location. The differences between the two types of sources and the non-ideal fluid effects are significant, and well reproduced by the calculations. While we have good agreement for the flat plate pressure profiles for expansions from the orifice source, the agreement is not as good for the expansions from the capillary sources. The experiments show that the pressure profiles at the flat plate are significantly different for the two sources, even when scaled to the same mass flow rate or to the same source exit sonic pressure.

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“…Miniaturization of chemical reactors is receiving increasing interest (Kolb and Hessel, 2004;Maharrey and Miller, 2001). Micro-reactors are specifically suitable for highthroughput screening, on-demand chemical synthesis, and carrying out reactions under conditions that would normally lead to unsafe operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%