Quasi-3D Magneto-Thermal Quench Simulation Scheme for Superconducting Accelerator Magnets

D'Angelo, Laura; Späck-Leigsnering, Yvonne; Gersem, Herbert De

doi:10.1109/tasc.2022.3159302

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…where H 1 g (Ω) is the space of square integrable functions with square integrable weak gradient in Ω which fulfill the Dirichlet boundary condition (3). Furthermore, (•, •) Ω denotes the volume integral in Ω of the scalar product of the two arguments while ⟨•, • ′ ⟩ Γneu denotes the surface integral on Γ neu of the two arguments.…”

Section: Weak Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to aid the development and analysis of quench detection and protection methods for superconducting devices, appropriate numerical tools are needed (see, e.g. [1][2][3]). When using the finite element (FE) method, the small ratio of thickness of insulation or contact resistance layers to the thickness of the conductor can lead to numerical difficulties [4] since the accuracy of the method depends on the quality of the mesh [5, section 5.3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…by multiplying two-dimensional (2D) Lagrange elements on the thin shell surface and 1D Lagrange elements across its thickness. This procedure requires no further approximations other than collapsing the volumetric insulation to a surface 3 . In particular, both the tangential heat flux, which is neglected by the so-called thermally-thick approximation (see, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal thin shell approximation towards finite element quench simulation

Schnaubelt

Woźniak²,

Schöps³

2023

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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Superconducting electromagnets commonly exhibit thin layers with high aspect ratio such as insulation layers or turn-to-turn contacts. A finite element analysis of these devices can lead to unfavorable meshes in these thin layers, either because of a high number of degrees of freedom or mesh elements of poor quality which decrease the accuracy of the simulation results. To mitigate these issues when conducting a thermal finite element analysis solving the heat equation, this work proposes to collapse thin volume layers into surfaces by using a thermal thin shell approximation. The proposed method uses one-dimensional Lagrange elements across the thickness of the thin layer and can handle a variety of interface conditions, multi-layered structures, heat sources, nonlinear material behavior or coupling to physics other than heat transfer. The efficiency of the proposed approximation is highlighted by comparison with a reference model with a conventionally meshed insulation for a model problem exhibiting a brick wall structure where a stationary heat equation is solved. The formulation is then verified against reference models with meshed insulation solving a transient heat equation for an insulated high-temperature superconductor pancake coil exhibiting a local defect which causes a thermal runaway. The benefit of using the model with the thin shell approximation is studied by analyzing pancake coils with different ratios of the insulation layer to the coated conductor thickness. It is shown that the smaller the ratio, the shorter the solution time and the lower the number of unknowns of the thin shell model when compared to the conventionally meshed insulation in order to reach the same numerical accuracy. The method is implemented in an open-source finite element framework and a reference implementation for a simple model problem is shared alongside this paper.

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Section: Weak Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%