We show that all the tangles in a finite graph or matroid can be distinguished by a single tree-decomposition that is invariant under the automorphisms of the graph or matroid. This comes as a corollary of a similar decomposition theorem for more general combinatorial structures, which has further applications.These include a new approach to cluster analysis and image segmentation. As another illustration for the abstract theorem, we show that applying it to edge-tangles yields the Gomory-Hu theorem.
arXiv:1110.6207v5 [math.CO] 17 Apr 20171 The order of a separation {A, B} of a graph is the number |A ∩ B|. Separations of order k are k-separations; separations of order < k are (< k)-separations.2 Indeed, in Section 2 we shall introduce more abstract 'k-profiles', not necessarily induced by k-blocks, of which k-tangles -those of order k, in the terminology of [20] -are a prime example. See [1,2] for more on the relationship between profiles, blocks and tangles.