Quasi-Static Electromagnetic Dosimetry: From Basic Principles to Examples of Applications

Andreuccetti, D.; Zoppetti, Nicola

doi:10.1080/10803548.2006.11076682

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It should be noted that canonical models of spherical or ellipsoidal shape were often used for modeling human exposure to LF MF [McLeod et al, 1983;Polk, 1990;IEC, 2007]. Despite difficulty presenting specific postures, local anatomy and detailed grounding patterns, symbolized models are valuable in providing insight into the qualitative nature of coupling mechanisms [Andreuccetti and Zoppetti, 2006].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dosimetry of infant exposure to power‐frequency magnetic fields: Variation of 99th percentile induced electric field value by posture and skin‐to‐skin contact

2015

Bioelectromagnetics

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Infant exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields from power lines was numerically analyzed in this study. Dosimetric variability due to posture and skin-to-skin contact was evaluated using human anatomical models including a recently developed model of a 12-months-old infant. As proposed by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection, the induced E-field strength (99th percentile value, E99 ) for the central nerve systems (E99_CNS ) and peripheral nerve system (E99_PNS ), were used as metrics. Results showed that the single (free of contact with others) infant model has lower E99 (E99_CNS and E99_PNS inclusive) compared with single adult and child models when exposed to the same power-frequency magnetic field. Also, studied postures of sitting, standing, or arm-up, would not change E99 _PNS . However, skin-to-skin contact with other models could significantly raise induced E-field strength in the infant (e.g., contact on 0.93% of the infant's total surface increased E99_PNS by 213%). Simulations with canonical models were conducted to assess different factors contributing to the E99 enhancement. Results indicated the importance of thoroughly investigating the conservativeness of current safety guidelines in the case of skin-to-skin contact, especially with infants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dosimetry of infant exposure to power‐frequency magnetic fields: Variation of 99th percentile induced electric field value by posture and skin‐to‐skin contact

2015

Bioelectromagnetics

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“…Homogeneous models of spherical or ellipsoidal shape are often used for modeling the human body exposed to EMF from the LF to RF [8][9][10]. The disadvantages of the symbolized models include their difficulties in representing specific postures, different grounding patterns and internal anatomical structure [11]. Nevertheless, symbolized models are valuable in assessing the human exposure to EMF because they often provide an insight into the qualitative nature of the coupling mechanisms [11].…”

Section: Symbolized Human Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the variation of the spatial-average 99<sup>th</sup> percentile induced electric field in the infant body due to influence of the adult with 50 Hz uniform magnetic fields exposure using ellipsoidal models

et al. 2014

2014 XXXIth URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium (URSI GASS)

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Human exposure to low frequency (LF) magnetic fields (MF) is frequently evaluated according to ICNIRP guidelines. Standing adults are used to determine the compliance of the standards. Nevertheless, the conservativeness of the standard for the other populations, such as the minors, has been questioned and investigated by various studies using the realistic or symbolized human models. Meanwhile, the dosimetric variation of the different postures is also evaluated. In this paper, we will use the symbolized ellipsoidal models to simulate a carrying-a-baby posture and to calculate the variation for the induced electric fields. The results demonstrate that the influence by the adult (specifically, holding a baby in arms) may significantly increase the maximum induced electric fields strength (99 th percentile spatial-average value, E 99 ) in the infant body. Physical contact on different body levels has significant impact on the induced electric fields. The results indicate that the influence by the adult is a key factor when assessing the infant exposure to the LF MF. This effect should be explored fully in formulating the safety standard.

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“…For a heat transfer process in biological tissue, the Pennes model has been proposed e.g., [10,12,14,16,17,19,21,[32][33][34][35]…”

Section: Mathematical Modeling Of Electric and Temperature Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During medical procedures based on radiofrequency ablation caused by the electric field, a current with frequencies in the range of tens to several hundred kHz is induced. In such a frequency range, the electromagnetic wave length is much larger than the depth of the human body; therefore, the current flow is via electrical conductivity and can be analyzed as a so-called quasi-static formulation, which allows coupling the electrical and thermal conductivity problem [8,[17][18][19][20][21][22]. To determine the internal heat source resulting from the influence of the electric field, it is necessary to know the intensity of the electric field, which is dependent on the electric conductivity coefficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Modeling of Breast Tumor Destruction Using Fast Heating during Radiofrequency Ablation

Paruch

2019

Materials

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In oncology, hyperthermia is understood as a planned, controlled technique of heating cancerous changes in order to destroy their cells or stop their growth. In clinical practice, hyperthermia is used in combination with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or immunological therapy. During the hyperthermia, the tissue is typically exposed to a temperature in the range of 40-45 • C, the exception is thermoablation, during which the temperatures reach much higher values. Thermoablation is characterized by the use of high temperatures up to 90 • C. The electrode using the radiofrequency is inserted into the central area of the tumor. Interstitial thermoablation is used to treat, among others, breast and brain cancer. The therapy consists of inducing coagulation necrosis in an area that is heated to very high temperatures. Mathematical modeling is based on the use of a coupled thermo-electric model, in which the electric field is described by means of the Laplace equation, while the temperature field is based on the Pennes equation. Coupling occurs at the level of the additional source function in the Pennes equation. The temperature field obtained in this way makes it possible to calculate the Arrhenius integral as a determinant of the destruction of biological tissue. As a result of numerical calculations regarding the temperature field and the Arrhenius integral, it can be concluded that, with the help of numerical tools and mathematical modeling, one can simulate the process of destroying cancerous tissue.

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Quasi-Static Electromagnetic Dosimetry: From Basic Principles to Examples of Applications

Abstract: numerical electromagnetic dosimetry quasi-static conditions voxel phantoms finite difference SPFD current vector potential method impedance network method

Cited by 27 publications

References 32 publications

Dosimetry of infant exposure to power‐frequency magnetic fields: Variation of 99th percentile induced electric field value by posture and skin‐to‐skin contact

Dosimetry of infant exposure to power‐frequency magnetic fields: Variation of 99th percentile induced electric field value by posture and skin‐to‐skin contact

Analysis of the variation of the spatial-average 99<sup>th</sup> percentile induced electric field in the infant body due to influence of the adult with 50 Hz uniform magnetic fields exposure using ellipsoidal models

Mathematical Modeling of Breast Tumor Destruction Using Fast Heating during Radiofrequency Ablation

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