Quasi-static three-point bending and fatigue behavior of 3-D orthogonal woven composites

Gao, Xiaoping; Tao, Nannan; Yang, Xiaori; Wang, Cong; Xu, Fujun

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.09.077

Cited by 44 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…All three warp yarns are ruptured in PD1 specimens whereas in PD2 and PD3 specimens the crack does not propagate through the thickness of the specimens. This damage initiation is similar to what is seen in bending tests conducted by Gao et al [15] on 3D orthogonal architectures, where cracks propagate from the surfaces to the interior spreading along the yarn system. Those researchers also report similar matrix cracking, debonding and fibre breakage as the main failure mechanisms.…”

Section: Three-point Bendingsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…3D woven composites continue to gain traction across different transportation industries with their most extensive applications in the crash box of the Lexus LFA, the passenger compartment of the BMW i3 [11] and the fan module of the CFM International LEAP engine [12]. When comparing fundamental 3D woven architectures, orthogonal architectures tend to be preferred and exhibit the best mechanical performance [13], damage tolerance [14,15] and SEA (up to about 90 J/g) [16,17]. For this application, their greatest disadvantage is the high degradation of SEA with increasing strain rate in the dynamic regime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved crush energy absorption in 3D woven composites by pick density modification

Neale

Dahale

Yoo

et al. 2020

Composites Part B: Engineering

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Although 3D woven composites have exceptional out-of-plane properties, there is a lack of understanding for these materials in crash application in automotive and aerospace industries. To encourage the use of 3D wovens in crashworthy automotive structures, knowledge must be gained so that designers can adjust the highly flexible weave parameters to create tailor-made performance materials. Here we show that fabric pick density causes large changes in progressive failure modes and associated energy absorption, particularly in the dynamic regime, where the quasi-static to dynamic energy absorption loss typical of composites is completely removed. Compression and flexure properties, which are known to be linked to crash performance in composites, are also investigated for these 3D woven layer-to-layer interlock carbonepoxy composite structures. 3D fabric preforms are manufactured in three different pick densities: 4, 10 & 16 wefts/cm. with a constant warp density of 12 warps/cm from carbon fibres. Increasing the pick density improved specific energy absorption (SEA) even in relatively inefficient progressive failure modes like folding, which has not previously observed in composite materials. SEA values up to 104 J/g (quasi-static) and 93J/g (dynamic) are recorded. This work shows that minor weft direction (transverse) weave changes can lead to sizeable improvements in warp direction (axial) energy absorption without fundamentally redesigning the weave architecture.

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Section: Three-point Bendingsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved crush energy absorption in 3D woven composites by pick density modification

Neale

Dahale

Yoo

et al. 2020

Composites Part B: Engineering

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“…At this stage, the main damages are debonding between fiber and matrix, part of fiber breakage and etc. We can obtain that the fatigue behavior of composite with silane modification is improved by increasing binding strength in comparison to result [23].…”

Section: Stiffness Degradation Curvementioning

confidence: 74%

“…Fatigue life (S-N) of the 3DOWC specimens in 0°and 90°direction are presented in figure 5. It shows that the number of cycles to failure of composite with silane modification has much more than that of pristine [23].…”

Section: S-n Curvementioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue behavior of 3-D orthogonal woven composite with silane modification

Zhang

Gao

Tao

2020

Mater. Res. Express

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As key part in wind turbine, the blade is a vital component for energy transformation. Fiber reinforced composite has advantage of light weight, large specific strength and specific stiffness, which has been used in wind turbine blade. In order to avoid delamination of conventional laminate and debonding between fiber and epoxy, the silane modification composite specimen reinforced with 3-D orthogonal woven fabric/epoxy was prepared using vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) for blade. As for fatigue experiment, the critical stress levels corresponding to micro-crack initiation and failure of composite were obtained by combining of acoustic emission technology and quasi-bending experiment. The fatigue behavior of 3-D orthogonal woven composite with silane modification was experimental evaluated based on the minimum and maximum stress levels. The fatigue behavior, such as S-N curve, stress-strain behavior and stiffness degradation behavior were analyzed. The result will provide the basis for investigation of bending behavior with nondestructive tests and set of stress level in bending fatigue experiment.

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“…2 Compared with 2DWC, 3DWC have better structural integrity, fracture toughness, and anti-fatigue performance. [3][4][5] With the excellent performance and low cost, 3DWC have been extensively used in aerospace, automobile, civil infrastructure, and other fields. 6 In recent years, lots of researchers have studied the fatigue behavior of 3DWC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue life prediction method for notched 3D woven composites based on progressive damage and field intensity

Xue

Wen

Cui

2020

Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics

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To solve the problem of fatigue life prediction of notched 3D woven composites, a novel fatigue life prediction method based on progressive damage and field intensity theory is proposed. By analyzing the initial loading process of 3D woven composite structure based on progressive damage method, the stress field when the fatigue damage develops gently and the dangerous area where the fatigue damage occurs first are obtained. Then combining with the concept of notch field intensity function, the failure criteria of composites and the three-dimensional space vector stress field intensity method, the fatigue damage degree field intensity of the fiber yarns in the dangerous area is analyzed and the most damaged fiber yarn is found. The fatigue life of the structure is calculated with the field intensity equivalent stress and the S-N curve of this fiber yarn. In order to verify the effectiveness of this method, the fatigue life of notched 3D woven composites under several stress levels is predicted and compared with the existing experimental data. The compared results show that the fatigue life prediction values are all within the two-fold error bounds of the experimental data, which are in good agreement with experimental results. Compared with the progressive damage fatigue life prediction method of woven composites, the prediction accuracy of the method proposed in this paper is improved by 31.5% on average, and the calculation efficiency is also greatly improved.

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Quasi-static three-point bending and fatigue behavior of 3-D orthogonal woven composites

Cited by 44 publications

References 30 publications

Improved crush energy absorption in 3D woven composites by pick density modification

Improved crush energy absorption in 3D woven composites by pick density modification

Fatigue behavior of 3-D orthogonal woven composite with silane modification

Fatigue life prediction method for notched 3D woven composites based on progressive damage and field intensity

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