Quasi‐Two‐Day Waves in the Northern Hemisphere Observed by TIMED/SABER Measurements During 2002–2019

Gu, Sheng‐Yang; Tang, Liang; Hou, Xin; Zhao, Han; Teng, Chen‐Ke‐Min; Dou, Xiankang

doi:10.1029/2020ja028877

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…They also found that the mean vertical wavelength of Q2DWs was approximately 30-40 km, which provided good conditions for its propagation from the source region to the upper atmosphere. Gu et al (2021) found that W3 and W4 occurred more frequently at approximately 48 hr, while W2 tended to be short-period events. In addition, they also found that the wave periods of W3 and W4 rise during the late NH summer.…”

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confidence: 88%

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Interannual and Interhemispheric Comparisons of Q2DW Bimodal and Unimodal Structures During the 2003–2020 Summer Period

Tang,

2023

JGR Space Physics

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By analyzing Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry and the Modern‐Era Retrospective analysis for Research Applications Version 2 reanalysis observations from 2003 to 2020, we found that the structural variation of the westward quasi‐2‐day wave (Q2DW) is related to the mean zonal wind in the background atmosphere, and the zonal wavenumber 3 (W3) is more affected by the background atmosphere than the zonal wavenumber 4 (W4). Our study focuses on the spatial structure of ∼50–95 km and ∼50°S–50°N. The spatial structure of W3 and W4 in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres is unimodal and bimodal, while the bimodal structure of W3 in the Southern Hemisphere is more obvious in some years. In the unimodal structure, W3 has a higher (altitude) peak in the Southern Hemisphere (∼82 km) than in the Northern Hemisphere (∼70 km), while W4 peaks at ∼70 km in both hemispheres. In the bimodal structure, W3 in the Southern Hemisphere fluctuates mostly at ∼82 km, followed by ∼68 km, while W3 in the Northern Hemisphere fluctuates mostly at ∼70 km, followed by ∼82 km. The spatial structure of W4 in both hemispheres fluctuates mainly at ∼70 km, followed by ∼82 km. In addition, W3 is stronger in the Southern Hemisphere than the Northern Hemisphere, W4 is stronger in the Northern Hemisphere than the Southern Hemisphere, and peak amplitudes of both W3 and W4 are larger in a bimodal structure than unimodal structure. The diagnostic analysis shows that the interannual and interhemispheric structure changes of Q2DWs may be due to the larger mean flow instabilities, background winds, and refractive index in the mesosphere, which make the bimodal structure of W3 and W4 obtain larger energy for propagation and amplification, resulting in higher (altitude) and larger amplitudes. This indicates that the background atmosphere of the mesosphere can affect the spatial structure of Q2DWs.

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confidence: 88%

“…Gu et al. (2021) found that W3 and W4 occurred more frequently at approximately 48 hr, while W2 tended to be short‐period events. In addition, they also found that the wave periods of W3 and W4 rise during the late NH summer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interannual and Interhemispheric Comparisons of Q2DW Bimodal and Unimodal Structures During the 2003–2020 Summer Period

Tang,

2023

JGR Space Physics

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“…The mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) are transitional regions connecting the lower and upper atmosphere. Quasi-2-day waves (Q2DWs) are global-scale atmospheric oscillations that play a crucial role in the dynamics of the MLT [1][2][3][4][5]. Atmospheric waves induce horizontal and vertical couplings that critically affect momentum, energy, and chemical transport throughout the atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, Q2DWs have been identified at high latitudes as well as near the equator [2,4]. Mid-latitude Q2DWs exhibit distinct summer maxima characterized by one or several bursts, each lasting multiple weeks [1,3], whereas highlatitude Q2DWs demonstrate maximum activity during winter [27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Year Behavioral Observations of Quasi-2-Day Wave Activity in High-Latitude Mohe (52.5°N, 122.3°E) and Middle-Latitude Wuhan (30.5°N, 114.6°E) Using Meteor Radars

Tang,

Gu,

Sun

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

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The behavior of multi-year quasi-2-day wave (Q2DW) activity in the high and middle latitudes in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere regions during 2013–2022 is revealed, for the first time, using two meteor radars along the 120°E longitude, which are located at Mohe (52.5°N, 122.3°E) and Wuhan (30.5°N, 114.6°E). We first describe the interannual monthly mean characteristics of the Mohe and Wuhan winds. We then determine the extraction of the Q2DWs via a least-squares method and calculate the occurrence dates, amplitudes, periods, and phases of the zonal and meridional Q2DWs. We find that the summer zonal wind speed of Mohe reached ~35 m/s at ~94 km in 2022, and the meridional wind speed reached ~−20 m/s at ~88 km in 2017. Similarly, the zonal and meridional wind speeds in Wuhan reached ~48 m/s and ~−30 m/s at ~94 km and ~90 km, respectively, in the summer of 2020. Statistical analysis shows that, in Mohe and Wuhan, the highest frequency of Q2DWs is observed between days 200 and 220. The Q2DW is mainly associated with the background mean wind and is consistent with a selective filtering mechanism. We believe that the correlation between wind shear and Q2DW amplitude is higher in summer because wind shear reaches its maximum when Q2DW starts to amplify. The wave period of the Mohe zonal Q2DW is longer than that of the Wuhan zonal Q2DW, while that of the meridional Q2DW is shorter. In addition, the zonal and meridional Q2DW amplitudes are weaker in Mohe than in Wuhan. The vertical wavelength of the Q2DW in Wuhan is shorter than that in Mohe. Solar activity F10.7 does not appear to be strongly correlated with Q2DW behavior in Mohe and Wuhan.

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“…Small-scale gravity waves induced by the perturbation in the lower atmosphere propagate upwards into the MLT region, leading to acceleration/deceleration of background winds and variations in the thermal structure and general circulation by breaking or dissipation of GWs. Interannual variations such as the SAO [12,13], QBO [14], short-period oscillations of 3 to 15 days [15][16][17][18], and ISO variations with periods between 30 and Atmosphere 2023, 14, 1034 2 of 14 100 days [19][20][21][22][23] have been suggested to be able to impact atmospheric variability in the MLT region. The QBO in the lower stratosphere is modulated by convectively generated waves such as gravity waves, Rossby gravity, and Kelvin [24][25][26], whereas KW and GW are considered to be important for driving the SAO [27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraseasonal Variation in the Mesosphere Observed by the Mengcheng Meteor Radar from 2015 to 2020

et al. 2023

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The intraseasonal oscillations (30–100 days, ISO) in the MLT (mesosphere and lower thermosphere) horizontal wind are investigated based on observations from the Mengcheng meteor radar. There is a clear seasonal variation in ISO in the horizontal wind at 80 km, which is strongest during the winter and weakest during the summer. At 100 km, ISO occurs throughout most of the year except winter, and there are significant differences in periods and amplitudes from year to year. From 2015 to 2016, ISOs with periods of 40–60 days were present in the 100 km horizontal wind, whereas none were simultaneously observed in the 80 km horizontal wind. Cross wavelets were used to study the relationship between ISO in the MLT region and ISO in the lower atmosphere. Some of the ISO activity is linked to tropospheric tropical convective activity, but the ISO connections with that in tropospheric convection are not consistent in the upper mesosphere and in the lower thermosphere.

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Quasi‐Two‐Day Waves in the Northern Hemisphere Observed by TIMED/SABER Measurements During 2002–2019

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Interannual and Interhemispheric Comparisons of Q2DW Bimodal and Unimodal Structures During the 2003–2020 Summer Period

Interannual and Interhemispheric Comparisons of Q2DW Bimodal and Unimodal Structures During the 2003–2020 Summer Period

Multi-Year Behavioral Observations of Quasi-2-Day Wave Activity in High-Latitude Mohe (52.5°N, 122.3°E) and Middle-Latitude Wuhan (30.5°N, 114.6°E) Using Meteor Radars

Intraseasonal Variation in the Mesosphere Observed by the Mengcheng Meteor Radar from 2015 to 2020

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