Quaternary ammonium monomers for UV crosslinked antibacterial surfaces

Multifunctional polymer nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical and anti-microbial properties

“…An alternative mechanism proposed to explain the antimicrobial activity of these compounds is known as the contact-killing via the phospholipid sponge effect which consist of an absorption and removal of such negative molecules from cell membranes thus leading bacteria to death [24][25][26][27].…”

Antimicrobial anilinium polymers: The properties of poly(N,N‐dimethylaminophenylene methacrylamide) in solution and as coatings

“…Films of PDMAPMA were prepared through dip coating onto silicon wafers. In order to enhance the durability of the film in water and to avoid the dissolution of the material after further modification by methyl iodide, crosslinking of PDMAPMA through a proportion of the amine groups was conducted by reacting with 1,4‐dibromobutane . The reaction proceeds through the same mechanism as reaction with methyl iodide, but due to the higher electronegativity of bromine compared to iodine, the leaving ability of the bromide is not as high as that of iodide .…”

“…In order to enhance the durability of the film in water and to avoid the dissolution of the material after further modification by methyl iodide, crosslinking of PDMAPMA through a proportion of the amine groups was conducted by reacting with 1,4-dibromobutane. 37,38 The reaction proceeds through the same mechanism as reaction with methyl iodide, but due to the higher electronegativity of bromine compared to iodine, the leaving ability of the bromide is not as high as that of iodide. 10 The reactivity of alkyl bromides to quaternize polymers with tertiary amine side functional groups (usually requires heating/reflux 39,40 ) is therefore significantly lower than that of alkyl iodide, especially methyl iodide (which readily reacts at room temperature 8,41,42 ).…”

An eco-friendly, permanent, and non-leaching antimicrobial coating on cotton fabrics

“…New compounds with improved antimicrobial activities are being developed. Chlorinated phenols (Windler, Height, & Nowack, 2013), organic metal complexes (Kasuga, Yoshikawa, Sakai, & Nomiya, 2012;Perelshtein et al, 2013), quaternary ammonium compounds (Carpenter, Worley, Slomberg, & Schoenfisch, 2012;Gao, Chen, Ma, Lv, & Jia, 2013;Gao & Kyratzis, 2012;Gozzelino, Lisanti, & Beneventi, 2013;Kang et al, 2013;Kantouch, Khalil, Mowafi, & El-Sayed, 2012;Kim, Kim, & Rhee, 2010;McArthur, Tuckfield, & Baker-Austin, 2012;Shalev, Gopin, Bauer, Stark, & Rahimipour, 2012;Simoncic & Tomsic, 2010), photo-induced antimicrobial and decontaminating agents (Dhende, Samanta, Jones, Hardin, & Locklin, 2011), heavy metal ions (Mahltig, Soltmann, & Haase, 2013), and silver nanoparticles (Bajpai, Bajpai, Sharma, & Yallapu, 2014;Kozicki et al, 2013;Montazer, Alimohammadi, Shamei, & Rahimi, 2012;Pollini, Paladini, Licciulli, Maffezzoli, & Sannino, 2012;Zhang, Wu, & Sen, 2012) are among the most widely used surface-active antimicrobial agents. Some very good reviews are available in literature discussing pros and cons of antimicrobial agents for textile materials (Kugel, Stafslien, & Chisholm, 2011;Shahid ul, Shahid, & Mohammad, 2013;Simoncic & Tomsic, 2010).…”