Quaternary seismic stratigraphy of the North Sea Fan: glacially-fed gravity flow aprons, hemipelagic sediments, and large submarine slides

King, E.L.; Sejrup, Hans Petter; Haflidason, Haflidi; Elverhøi, Anders; Aarseth, Inge

doi:10.1016/0025-3227(95)00168-9

Cited by 214 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Debris flows are a characteristic part of the sedimentary architecture of troughmouth fans around the Norwegian-Greenland Sea (Aksu and Hiscott, 1992;Dowdeswell et al, 1996;King et al, 1996;Vorren et al, 1998;Taylor et al, 2002), and are made up of diamictic material that is thought to be derived largely from the delivery of glacially eroded sediment in fast-flowing ice streams (Laberg and Vorren, 1995;Elverhøi et al, 1997). Huge fans, such as the Bear Island, Scoresby Sund and Belgica fans Vorren and Laberg, 1997;Dowdeswell et al, 2008b), are built up over successive glaciations as ice advanced across high-latitude continental shelves, sometimes to the shelf edge, and the upper slope became the fullglacial focus for rapid sedimentation Vorren et al, 1998;Ó Cofaigh et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Submarine landforms and shallow acoustic stratigraphy of a 400 km-long fjord-shelf-slope transect, Kangerlussuaq margin, East Greenland

Dowdeswell

Evans

Cofaigh

2010

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Submarine landforms and shallow acoustic stratigraphy of a 400 km-long fjord-shelf-slope transect, Kangerlussuaq margin, East Greenland

Dowdeswell

Evans

Cofaigh

2010

Quaternary Science Reviews

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“…Individual debris-flow deposits are up to about 50 m thick, a few kilometres wide and extend for up to about 200 km down the slope (e.g. Laberg & Vorren 1995;Dowdeswell et al 1996;King et al 1996;Taylor et al 2002). Delivery of deforming soft sediment to the shelf edge is clearly a full-glacial process, and the few radiocarbon dates available on the timing of glacigenic debris-flow activity support the view that the debris flows are full-glacial phenomena (e.g.…”

Section: Ice-marginal Landforms: Sedimentary Fansmentioning

confidence: 96%

The variety and distribution of submarine glacial landforms and implications for ice-sheet reconstruction

Dowdeswell

Canals

Jakobsson

et al. 2016

Memoirs

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Glacimarine processes affect about 20% of the global ocean today, and this area expanded considerably under cyclical full-glacial conditions during the Quaternary (Fig. 1) . Many of the submarine landforms produced at the base and margin of past ice sheets remain well preserved on the seafloor in fjords and on high-latitude continental shelves after the retreat of the ice that produced them. These glacial landforms, protected from subaerial erosion and beneath wave-base and tidal currents in water that is often hundreds of metres deep, are gradually buried by both hemipelagic and glacimarine sedimentation; they may be preserved over long periods in the geological record if palaeocontinental shelves are not reworked by subsequent glacier advances or bottom currents ). This means that, first, submarine glacial landforms can be observed at or close to the modern seafloor after retreat of the last great ice sheets from their most recent Quaternary maximum about 18-20 000 years ago using swath-bathymetric mapping systems and, secondly, buried glacial landforms may also be identified and examined within glacial-sedimentary sequences from Quaternary and earlier ice ages using seismic-reflection methods.The development of multibeam echo sounding over the past two decades, coupled with high-accuracy GPS positioning, has allowed morphological mapping of the seafloor at an unprecedented level of detail. In this paper, the variety of submarine glacial landforms observed in modern, Quaternary and more ancient sediments is described. Landforms produced subglacially, those formed at and beyond marine ice-sheet margins, together with the slope processes and bottom currents likely to result in their reworking, are considered along with the sediment volumes of these landforms and the time they take to develop. This is followed by discussion of the significance of submarine glacial landforms and landform-assemblages for reconstruction of the form and flow of past ice sheets, including the former extent and flow direction of ice sheets, whether they are flowing fast as ice streams or slowly in inter-ice stream areas, the nature and rate of ice-sheet deglaciation, conditions at past ice-sheet beds, and inferences on the characteristics of the basal hydrological system and past climatic conditions.

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“…3). The definition of the seismic units was based on the identification of packages with distinctive seismic facies, separated by strong and laterally-continuous key reflectors, building upon previous studies of the North Sea Fan area by King et al (1996King et al ( , 1998 and Nygård et al (2005). Figure 4 presents the relation between the seismic units used in this study and sequences, defined by the authors mention above, and the key reflectors used.…”

Section: Seismic Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D seismic evidence of internal structure within Tampen Slide deposits on the North Sea Fan: are chaotic deposits that chaotic?

Gafeira

Long

Scrutton

et al. 2010

JGS

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The seismic character of slide deposits is typically described as structureless or chaotic. However, 3D seismic data from the northern flank of the North Sea Fan reveal recognizable internal, penetrative structures within the Tampen Slide deposits. The study of its seismic attributes allowed an integrated characterization of the slide deposits and has shown distinctive acoustic fabrics, both at the top and base of the slide deposit, which are interpreted to be the expression of internal deformation structures. Based on their geometry, four main seismic fabric types have been defined: anastomosing, curvilinear, rectilinear and wispy. The spatial distribution of the fabric was mainly controlled by a topographic high present on the sea-bed at the time of the gravitational collapse, which influenced the transport of material. Areas of distinct fabrics are thought to reflect different flow behaviour during the latest stages of the mass movement and could be considered kinematic indicators. The results give new insights into the transport and deformation processes of submarine mass movements and highlight the potential of detailed analysis of 3D seismic data.

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Quaternary seismic stratigraphy of the North Sea Fan: glacially-fed gravity flow aprons, hemipelagic sediments, and large submarine slides

Cited by 214 publications

References 31 publications

Submarine landforms and shallow acoustic stratigraphy of a 400 km-long fjord-shelf-slope transect, Kangerlussuaq margin, East Greenland

Submarine landforms and shallow acoustic stratigraphy of a 400 km-long fjord-shelf-slope transect, Kangerlussuaq margin, East Greenland

The variety and distribution of submarine glacial landforms and implications for ice-sheet reconstruction

3D seismic evidence of internal structure within Tampen Slide deposits on the North Sea Fan: are chaotic deposits that chaotic?

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