Quaternary stratigraphy and paleoenvironments of the Texas Rolling Plains

Caran, S. Christopher; Baumgardner, Robert W.

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1990)102<0768:qsapot>2.3.co;2

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…In Meade Co., Kansas, my investigation of the pollen content of the Jones local fauna (Davis, 1987) from near the top of a thick late Pleistocene sequence yielded a few colonies of freshwater alga Pediastrum but did not contain enough pollen to interpret vegetation. Early Holocene alluvium at the Lake Theo Folsom site (unit 7; Johnson et al, 1982) and mid-Holocene lacustrine marls at the Smith Farm locality (Caran and Baumgardner, 1990), both in Briscoe Co., Texas, were inspected by me and found barren of pollen.…”

Section: Late Pleistocene and Holocenementioning

confidence: 99%

Late cenozoic palynology in the south‐central united states: Cases of post‐depositional pollen destruction

Hall

1995

Palynology

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Section: Late Pleistocene and Holocenementioning

confidence: 99%

Late cenozoic palynology in the south‐central united states: Cases of post‐depositional pollen destruction

Hall

1995

Palynology

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“…In the western portion of the region, just east of the Caprock Escarpment, recent geologic investigations have documented extensive late Pleistocene and Holocene lacustrine, alluvial, and eolian sediments (Gustavson, 1986;Caran and Baumgardner, 1990). Late Pleistocene and early Holocene deposits are dominated by lacustrine and alluvial sediments.…”

Section: Rolling Plainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle Holocene environments, geology, and archaeology in the Southern Plains

Ferring¹

1995

Geological Society of America Special Papers

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This paper reviews evidence of middle Holocene environments, geology, and archaeology in the Southern Plains of the United States. Paleoenvironmental review of data including pollen, vertebrates, mollusks, and stable isotopes indicate drier climates prevailed in this region during the middle Holocene than in the early Holocene or the late Holocene. This climatic record is registered in different patterns of alluvial sedimentology and pedology across the region and among different drainage basins. Middle Holocene eolian deposits are documented in some localities from the Southern High Plains to the eastern plains margins. Reduced biomass and reduced surface water availability appear to have forced demographic and economic responses by middle Holocene populations in this region. However, deep burial of archaeological sites under flood plains as well as a paucity of geoarchaeological investigations constrain clear reconstruction of adaptive changes during this period.

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“…Petrocalcic horizons present in the highest elevation terrace remnants are more well developed than those found at the type section of the Seymour Formation, which consists of alluvial fan and fluvial deposits preserved within the Brazos drainage to the north. One member of the Seymour Formation is known to be of early to middle Pleistocene age, based on the presence of the 0.6 my BP Lava Creek "B" volcanic ash (Caran and Baumgardner, 1990). Dissected terrace remnants in the Colorado and Concho drainages may be early to middle Pleistocene in age as well.…”

Section: Early To Middle Pleistocene Terrace Remnantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quaternary stratigraphy and geoarchaeology of the colorado and concho rivers, west texas

Blum

Valastro

1992

Geoarchaeology

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Geoarchaeological investigations in an area surrounding the confluence of the upper Colorado and Concho Rivers, Edwards Plateau of West Texas, have produced a detailed landscape evolution model which provides a framework for discussion of the influences of geomorphic processes on the development, preservation, and visibility of the archaeological record. Field mapping within the study area has differentiated six allostrati‐graphic units of fluvial origin in both valleys, as well as extensive eolian sand sheets along the Colorado River. Early to middle Pleistocene terrace remnants cap many upland areas, whereas two distinct late Pleistocene terrace surfaces are widespread within the study area at somewhat lower elevations. Fluvial activity during the time period of human occupation is represented by an extensive Holocene terrace and underlying valley fill, which is up to 11 m in thickness. Valley fill sediments can be subdivided into allostratigraphic units of early to middle Holocene (ca. 10,000–5000 yr B.P.) and late Holocene age (ca. 4600–1000 yr B.P.), which are separated by a buried soil profile. The modern incised channels and very narrow floodplains represent the last millennium. Eolian sand sheets of early to middle Holocene age overlie limestone‐ and shale‐dominated uplands, Pleistocene terraces, and in some cases the Holocene valley fill along the Colorado River. Pleistocene terraces have been stable features in the landscape and available for settlement through the time period of human occupation. Archaeological materials of all ages occur at the surface, and the record preserved in individual sites range from that associated with discrete periods of activity to longer‐term palimpsests that represent repeated use over millennia. Sites within early to middle Holocene and late Holocene fills represent short‐term utilization of constructional floodplains during the Paleoindian through early Archaic and middle to late Archaic time periods respectively. By contrast, those that occur along the buried soil profile developed in the early to middle Holocene fill record middle to late Archaic cultural activity on stable terrace surfaces, and represent relatively discrete periods of activity to longer‐term palimpsests that represent repeated use over the 3000–4000 years of subaerial exposure. Late Prehistoric sites occur as palimpsests on soils developed in late Holocene alluvium or stratified within modern floodplain facies. Paleoindian through Late Prehistoric sites occur stratified within eolian sand sheets or along the unconformity with subjacent fluvial deposits. The landscape evolution model from the upper Colorado and Concho Rivers is similar to that developed for other major valley axes of the Edwards Plateau. This model may be regionally applicable, and can be used to interpret the geomorphic setting and natural formation processes for already known sites, as well as provide an organizational framework for systematic surface and subsurface survey for new archaeological records. 0 1992 John Wiley ...

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Quaternary stratigraphy and paleoenvironments of the Texas Rolling Plains

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Late cenozoic palynology in the south‐central united states: Cases of post‐depositional pollen destruction

Late cenozoic palynology in the south‐central united states: Cases of post‐depositional pollen destruction

Middle Holocene environments, geology, and archaeology in the Southern Plains

Quaternary stratigraphy and geoarchaeology of the colorado and concho rivers, west texas

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