Quench Protection of the 16 T Nb 3 Sn Dipole Magnets Designed for the Future Circular Collider

Self Cite

Part of the Future Circular Collider (FCC-hh) study is dedicated to the development of the 16 Tesla Nb 3 Sn superconducting dipole magnets. The design of the magnets was enabled by a cooperative effort of national research institutes, universities, and CERN. These actors tackled the problem from different sides, namely, the electromagnetic design, the mechanical design, the design of the quench protection systems, and the circuit design. The article deals with the design of the quench protection systems and provides solid motivations for the selection of the coupling-loss-induced quench (CLIQ) device as the baseline protection system for the FCC-hh main dipole magnets. The article shows that the design domains mentioned above are tightly interconnected and, therefore, the simulation of a quench event involves a complex multiphysics problem. The STEAM cosimulation framework, recently developed at CERN, is applied to address the complexity. The STEAM-SIGMA models are employed to simulate the CLIQ quench protection system applied to the FCC-hh dipole magnets. Dedicated CLIQ configurations are identified to protect the magnets in case of a quench. In addition, the possible implications of the CLIQ protection system on the mechanical design of the magnets are discussed. To this end, the article employs the co-simulation of different software platforms to calculate the mechanical stress during a quench. The results show that CLIQ does not produce additional stress.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The CLIQ Quench Protection System Applied to the 16 T FCC-hh Dipole Magnets

Prioli

Segreti

Fernandez

et al. 2019

Self Cite

“…The construction of the INFN cos-theta model is the opportunity to test a quench protection system able to satisfy the EuroCirCol requirements, i.e 40 ms to detect the quench and activate the protection system, the maximum hotspot temperature below 350 K and the maximum voltage toward ground below 1.2 kV [9]. According to the EuroCirCol experience [10], [11], [12], two quench protection systems are candidates to be used in the next generation High Field accelerator magnets: one based on the Quench Heater (QH) system and the other one on Coupling-Loss Induced Quench system (CLIQ) technology [13].…”

Section: Quench Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic and Mechanical Study for the Nb$_3$Sn Cos-Theta Dipole Model for the FCC

Valente

Bellomo

Fabbricatore

et al. 2020

The Italian Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), in collaboration with CERN, is going to build the short model in Nb3Sn of the main bending dipole for the hadron-hadron Future Circular Collider (hh-FCC). The magnet will be developed on the basis of the baseline design presented in the FCC Conceptual Design Report (CDR) in the end of 2018. In particular, it will be based on cosine-theta design, with an internal aperture diameter of 50 mm and a Bladder & Key configuration for the mechanics.The main purpose of the model construction is to demonstrate the feasibility of a magnet dipole with field quality characteristic suitable for a collider and magnetic field above the LHC frontier.The mechanical structure, which is a critical aspect of the magnet design, especially for the brittleness of the Nb3Sn cables, will have to demonstrate the effectiveness to reach the highest performance achievable in terms of bore magnetic field.Here we present both the electromagnetic and mechanical design study of the model.

“…The protection system can be based on the coupling-loss-induced quench method (CLIQ), on quench heaters alone or on a combination of both. On paper all options effectively protect the magnets within the above limits [17]. Experiments on the FCC models and prototypes will allow to understand in real conditions if CLIQ can be implemented with the required reliability and redundancy for every quench condition.…”

Section: Quench Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 16 T Dipole Development Program for FCC and HE-LHC

Schoerling

Arbelaez

Auchmann

et al. 2019

A future circular collider (FCC) with a center-ofmass energy of 100 TeV and a circumference of around 100 km, or an energy upgrade of the LHC (HE-LHC) to 27 TeV require bending magnets providing 16 T in a 50-mm aperture. Several development programs for these magnets, based on Nb 3 Sn technology, are being pursued in Europe and in the U.S. In these programs, cos-theta, block-type, common-coil, and canted-costheta magnets are ex-plored; first model magnets are under manufacture; limits on con-ductor stress levels are studied; and a conductor with enhanced characteristics is developed. This paper summarizes and discusses the status, plans, and preliminary results of these programs.