We investigated magnetic and magnetocaloric properties in Sm 1-x Sr x MnO 3 (x = 0.30-0.5). We report a magnetic field driven first-order metamagnetic transition in the paramagnetic state in x = 0.4 and 0.5 and a second-order transition in x = 0.3. The highest magnetic entropy (-S m = 6.2 J/kgK for H = 5 T at T = 125 K) that occurs in x = 0.4 is associated with the metamagnetic transition resulting from the field-induced growth and coalescence of ferromagnetic nano clusters preexisting in the paramagnetic state. Our results suggest that manganites with intrinsic nanoscale phase separation can be exploited for magnetic refrigeration. PACS number(s): 75.47. Lx, 65.40.gd, 75.47.Gk 2 When a material is magnetized by the application of a magnetic field, the entropy associated with the magnetic degree of freedom, S m , decreases. Under adiabatic conditions, the entropy change, S m , must be compensated for by an equal but opposite change in the entropy associated with the lattice, S l , resulting in a change in temperature of the material, T, referred to as the magnetocaloric effect.Magnetic refrigeration based on the magnetocaloric effect is a promising alternative technology to the conventional vapor-compression refrigeration because of its higher energy efficiency and environmental friendliness. 1 The change in magnetic entropy ) and hence MCE is expected to be maximum at the paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition temperature (T C ). Majority of materials show a second-order paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition in which magnetic entropy change is moderate. An exception is metallic gadolinium that shows the largest magnetic entropy change (S m = 9.7 J/kg K for H = 5 T at T C = 293 K) in any elemental ferromagnets near room temperature due to its high moment (S = 7/2).
12In this report, we take an alternative approach to achieve a large MCE by exploiting the nanoscale phase separation found in some narrow band width T at 127 K. The saturation magnetization at 10 K reaches a value of 3.25 B which is slightly lower than 3.6 B expected theoretically. The Arrott plot ( Fig. 2(d)) shows a negative slope at temperature above and near T c which suggests that the field-induced 7 para-ferromagnetic transition is first-order. This satisfies one of the criteria proposed for a material to be a good magnetocaloric material around the Curie temperature.
1The M-H curves and the Arrott plot for x = 0.5 is shown in Fig. 3 (a) and 3(b),respectively. This sample also shows a metamagnetic behavior in the M-H curve between 180 K and 125 K but the transition is rather broad compared to x = 0.4. A ferromagnetic like M-H behavior is observed below 90 K. It is to be noted that the extrapolation of high-field data to the origin, gives M s = 1.88 B which is far below expected theoretical value, 3.5 and this value has not been reached even at the highest field used. The Arrott plot exhibits a negative slope for certain field range above 125 K which suggests the field-induced transition is first order in natur...