Quercetin attenuates neurotoxicity induced by iron oxide nanoparticles

Abstract

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been proposed as targeted carriers to deliver therapeutic molecules in the central nervous system (CNS). However, IONPs may damage neural tissue via free iron accumulation, protein aggregation, and oxidative stress. Neuroprotective effects of quercetin (QC) have been proven due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, poor solubility and low bioavailability of QC have also led researchers to make various QC-involved nanoparticles to overcome these limitations. We wondered how high doses or prolonged treatment with quercetin conjugated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (QCSPIONs) could improve cognitive dysfunction and promote neurogenesis without any toxicity. It can be explained that the QC inhibits protein aggregation and acts against iron overload via iron-chelating activity, iron homeostasis genes regulation, radical scavenging, and attenuation of Fenton/Haber–Weiss reaction. In this review, first, we present brain iron homeostasis, molecular mechanisms of iron overload that induced neurotoxicity, and the role of iron in dementia-associated diseases. Then by providing evidence of IONPs neurotoxicity, we discuss how QC neutralizes IONPs neurotoxicity, and finally, we make a brief comparison between QC and conventional iron chelators. In this review, we highlight that QC as supplementation and especially in conjugated form reduces iron oxide nanoparticles neurotoxicity in clinical application.

Iron Metabolism in Aging and Age-Related Diseases

“…EGCG has the potential to combine with Aβ to protect nerves from damage because of its distinct antiamyloidogenic reactivity toward metal-Aβ species with a structure-based mechanism [ 146 ]. Besides, quercetin is a promising therapeutic candidate due to its bifunctionality as an antioxidant and chelating molecular [ 148 ]. Therefore, it is believed that natural polyphenols have great potential in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, implying that the development of more efficient natural polyphenols is critical in the future.…”

Plant-Extract-Assisted Eco-friendly synthesis of Iron oxide nanoparticles using cape gooseberry Extract and their Antibacterial study

“…This is because CG-IONPs may generate reactive oxygen species [39][40][41]. Expected involvement of the polyphenols mediated CG-IONPs and their interaction in the cell damage of the various microorganism are explained in the scheme-2 clearly [42][43][44]. In contrast to the 10 mg concentration, the FeONPs did not exhibit any meaningful antibacterial action when the concentration was 5 mg/mL.…”

A Flavonoid on the Brain: Quercetin as a Potential Therapeutic Agent in Central Nervous System Disorders

“…Concave cubic Qu@P-80@AuPd ↑ BBB permeability and good biocompatibility in Transwell assay, MTT, and apoptosis Concave cubic Qu@P-80@AuPd could have a potential in AD treatment as an autophagy inducer [44] Quercetin One of the formulations extensively studied which can carry the loaded drug to the desired target area using an external magnetic field are Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SPIONs) [40,47].…”

“…Drug delivery using biodegradable, biocompatible, non-toxic carriers has focused great attention in recent years. One of interesting example that has been extensively in- One of the formulations extensively studied which can carry the loaded drug to the desired target area using an external magnetic field are Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (SPIONs) [40,47].…”