Questioning the role of abuse in behavioral spells and epilepsy

Koby, Danielle G.; Zirakzadeh, Ali; Staab, Jeffrey P.; Seime, Richard J.; Steven, S.; Nelson, Cindy; Sengem, Susan; Berge, Randy; Marshall, Eric A.; Varner, Jean E.; Vickers, Kristin S.; Trenerry, Max R.; Worrell, Gregory A.

doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2010.09.014

Cited by 7 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…On the other hand, stressors and life events may be considered to have an epileptogenic effect 40 . Previous literature has also explored abuse in relation to people with non-epileptic attack disorder 20,[23][24][25] and some people assessed as having epilepsy in our study may actually have this alternative diagnosis.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Previous work exploring these has been largely focused on selected populations with limited generalisability [18][19][20] . There is some evidence that the experience of discrimination and of violence may interact.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study was unable to study men with epilepsy or women who were not pregnant at the time 18 . Other available studies to date have been small and taken from selected secondary care populations without control populations 19,20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discrimination, domestic violence, abuse, and other adverse life events in people with epilepsy: Population‐based study to assess the burden of these events and their contribution to psychopathology

et al. 2016

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General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/pure/about/ebr-terms Discrimination, domestic violence, physical and sexual abuse, and other stressful life events were assessed using computerised self-completion and a face to face interview respectively. Results:People with epilepsy were seven-fold more likely to have reported experiencing discrimination due to health problems (adjusted OR=7.1; 95% CI=3·1 -16.3), than the general population without epilepsy. This estimate was substantially greater in people with epilepsy than for people with other chronic conditions. People with epilepsy also had greater odds of experiencing domestic violence and sexual abuse than the general population, although these associations were also found in people with other chronic conditions. There was less evidence of an association between epilepsy and a history of physical abuse or having a greater burden of other stressful life events. In exploratory analyses, assuming they lie on the causal pathway, discrimination, domestic violence and sexual abuse explained 42.7% of the total effect of the relationship between epilepsy and depression or anxiety disorders.Significance: People with epilepsy can face a range of psychosocial adversities and extensively report feeling discriminated against as compared to the general population. In addition, if confirmed in longitudinal studies, the results suggest that these psychosocial adversities may have a significant role in the development of psychiatric comorbidity and may be targets for future interventions.

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Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discrimination, domestic violence, abuse, and other adverse life events in people with epilepsy: Population‐based study to assess the burden of these events and their contribution to psychopathology

et al. 2016

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show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In their comprehensive review, Roelofs and Spinhoven [52] not only found increased rates of lifetime trauma in patients with medically unexplained symptoms but also an association between trauma and symptom severity. This modulating effect of posttraumatic stress symptoms on somatic symptoms as well as overall functioning and health-related quality of life has been described for different conditions such as conversion disorder, behavioural spells and chronic pain [39,50,53].Moreover, from the vantage point of traumatization, McFarlane et al [44] found that patients suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) report more somatic symptoms than non-PTSD subjects. Although somatoform symptoms often appear to be unspecific and involve multiple organ systems [17], Wahlstrom et al [65] report that pseudoneurological symptoms including dizziness, mental fatigue, clumsiness and headaches are more strongly associated with exposure…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%