Quick clay—A case study of chemical perspective in Southwest Sweden

Andersson-Sköld, Yvonne; Torrance, J. Kenneth; Lind, Bo; Odén, Karin; Stevens, Rodney L.; Rankka, Karin

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2005.09.014

Cited by 49 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Torrance (1974) found that the salt content has to be reduced below 2 g/l (0.2%) before quick clay can be formed. However, quick clay with a salinity (NaCl concentration) of 5.6 g/l was found by Andersson-Sköld et al (2005). This value is very high compared to the upper boundary reported in Norwegian and Canadian quick clays.…”

Section: Surface Resistivity Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…This value is very high compared to the upper boundary reported in Norwegian and Canadian quick clays. Andersson-Sköld et al (2005) point out that such a difference is quite noteworthy and demands further investigation as to the possible reasons. A salinity below 0.2% is used in this report as a condition for quick clay occurrence.…”

Section: Surface Resistivity Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping of quick clay formations using geotechnical and geophysical methods

2009

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Quick clay has been involved in most serious, large clay slides in Sweden, Norway, and Canada. This paper describes geotechnical and geophysical methods that can be used to locate and map the extent of quick clay formations. Surface resistivity measurements and four different sounding methods have been tested. The results have been compared with sensitivities determined using fall-cone tests. The investigation shows that there is a correlation between sensitivity and electrical resistivity, which can be used to discriminate between marine clays that have been leached sufficiently to possibly form quick clay and those for which the salt content remains sufficiently high to prevent this. Although the most reliable evaluation of the variation in sensitivity was obtained by the CPT with additional measurement of total penetration force, this investigation suggests that any sounding method that uses a constant rate of advance into the ground and in which the penetration force applied on the top of the rods is measured may be used for quick clay mapping.

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Section: Surface Resistivity Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Surface Resistivity Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping of quick clay formations using geotechnical and geophysical methods

2009

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“…Also in quick clay areas, and where erosion and slides are likely to increase due to climate change, the extension and consequences will be even larger than obvious from calculated safety factor and the initial slide itself, e.g. [18,19,20]. Quick clay is a soil that behaves like a liquid after disturbance, and it is common in the western parts of Sweden.…”

Section: Results Of Calculated Slope Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Geotechnical approaches to climate change adaptation

Andersson-Sköld¹,

Hultén²,

Rankka³

et al. 2006

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, Vol 86

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Several signs indicate an ongoing global warming and scenarios show that the warming will continue. According to climate change scenarios the annual temperature in Sweden will increase by 2.5-4.5°C in the next century. In most of Sweden the annual precipitation will increase by 5-30% in the next century. The expected sea level increase is ca 1-2 mm/year. In the south of Sweden this will result in an increased coastal sea level of approximately 0.5 m in less than 100 years. Erosion along coastal areas will increase due to changes in the sea water level, storm-waves and by wind itself. Erosion in open watercourse areas will increase due to increased water flows.Rough calculations have been done, as a first estimate, of the impact of increased precipitation on hillside slide risks. Reduced safety, for all types of hillsides included in this investigation, is to be expected. Additional risks such as the higher frequency of mudflows due to increased precipitation are expected.Along rivers there is often industrial activity and contaminated ground due to historical industrial activities. Increased ground water levels will make many of the soil pollutants more movable and possibly more biologically available. The leaching of eutrophic species from farming will increase due to increased water flows, especially under heavy rainfalls. An important influence of the increased precipitation is the leaching conditions of landfills. Simplistic predictions show that the percolation and thereby the leaching of pollutants will increase.

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“…As this progresses through the quick clay deposit, the remaining concentration of Na + in the pore water will be depleted. The clay will with time be dominated by divalent ions both in the pore water and in the adsorbed positions, inhibiting high sensitivity (Talme et al 1966;Moum et al 1971;Andersson-Sköld et al 2005).…”

Section: Salinity and Ion Composition In Post-glacial Marine Claysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term effect of potassium chloride treatment on improving the soil behavior of highly sensitive clay — Ulvensplitten, Norway

et al. 2016

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Re-establishing high salt concentration in leached low-saline, highly sensitive clays significantly improves their mechanical properties. Long-term effects on quick clay exposed to diffusion of potassium chloride (KCl) from salt wells installed in 1972 at Ulvensplitten, Oslo, Norway, are investigated. The increased undrained and remolded shear strengths, as well as increased Atterberg limits, remain 30 to 40 years later. The undisturbed shear strength increased from less than 10 to 25-30 kPa, and the remolded shear strength increased from less than 0.5 to more than 6 kPa. The liquid limit increased beyond the natural water content. Adding KCl to quick clay improved the properties to such an extent that it no longer appears as quick. Recent ground investigations in the area suggest a permanent effect on an engineering time scale. Consequently, the method may be suitable to prevent large flow slides in quick clay areas.

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Quick clay—A case study of chemical perspective in Southwest Sweden

Cited by 49 publications

References 14 publications

Mapping of quick clay formations using geotechnical and geophysical methods

Mapping of quick clay formations using geotechnical and geophysical methods

Geotechnical approaches to climate change adaptation

Long-term effect of potassium chloride treatment on improving the soil behavior of highly sensitive clay — Ulvensplitten, Norway

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