Quinolines and Quinolones as Antibacterial, Antifungal, Anti-virulence, Antiviral and Anti-parasitic Agents

Abstract

Infective diseases have become health threat of a global proportion due to appearance and spread of microorganisms resistant to majority of therapeutics currently used for their treatment. Therefore, there is a constant need for development of new antimicrobial agents, as well as novel therapeutic strategies. Quinolines and quinolones, isolated from plants, animals, and microorganisms, have demonstrated numerous biological activities such as antimicrobial, insecticidal, antiinflammatory, antiplatelet, and antitumor. For more than two centuries quinoline/quinolone moiety has been used as a scaffold for drug development and even today it represents an inexhaustible inspiration for design and development of novel semi-synthetic or synthetic agents exhibiting broad spectrum of bioactivities. The structural diversity of synthetized compounds provides high and selective activity attained through different mechanisms of action, as well as low toxicity on human cells. This review describes quinoline and quinolone derivatives with antibacterial, antifungal, anti-virulent, antiviral, and anti-parasitic activities with the focus on the last 10 years literature.

Identification of novel compounds against three targets of SARS CoV-2 coronavirus by combined virtual screening and supervised machine learning

“…Recently, chloroquine has also been used to treat COVID-19 (50). Broad-spectrum activities have also been reported for other classes of pharmacological drugs (51), indicating that drug repurposing represents a fertile reservoir to develop drugs to fight COVID-19.…”

Repurposing Bedaquiline for Effective Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Therapy as Inhalable Cyclodextrin-Based Molecular Inclusion Complexes

“…Quinoline derivatives have many diverse applications as anti-malarial, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-asthmatic, etc., agents [ 5 , 6 ]. In addition, quinoline scaffold and several quinoline analogs have been reported as anti-cancer agents with promising anti-proliferative activity against multiple cancer cell lines, including HeLa (cervical cancer cell line) and MDA-MB-435 (melanoma) [ 7 ].…”

5-((1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)quinolin-8-ol as potential antiviral SARS-CoV-2 candidate: Synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT and molecular docking studies

“…Quinoline and its derivatives have always attracted both synthetic and biological chemist because of its diverse chemical and pharmacological properties [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] . Literature survey revealed that quinoline derivatives had shown potency as antiviral agents against several viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus, Zika virus, H1N1 influenza virus, Hepatitis C virus, dengue virus, vaccinia virus and respiratory syncytial virus [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] .…”