The zwitterionic N,N‘-dialkyl-2-amino-5-alcoholate-1,4-benzoquinonemonoiminium derivatives
[C6H2(NHCH2CH2X)2(O)2] (X = NMe2, 9; X = NHEt, 10; X = OMe, 11), previously prepared
from 4,6-diaminoresorcinol by a transamination reaction, and 12 (X = N(CH2CH2)2O) behave as tridentate ligands when reacted with [Ni(acac)2] to form the corresponding octahedral Ni(II) 2:1 complexes
(13−16), respectively. In contrast, ligand 9 reacted
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with NiCl2·6H2O in a tandemlike manner to afford the stabilized Ni(II) zwitterionic organometalate 1:1
complex
(17). The bonding parameters
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of complexes 13·H2O·CH2Cl2 and 17, determined by X-ray diffraction, and the conformation of the
ligands around the nickel center as well as the supramolecular arrangements are discussed and compared
with those of their previously reported Zn(II) analogues. Complexes 13−17 were tested in catalytic ethylene
oligomerization with MAO and AlEtCl2 as cocatalysts. Complex 17 yielded the highest turnover
frequencies, with values up to 20 300 and 48 200 mol of C2H4/((mol of Ni) h), in the presence of 400
equiv of MAO and 10 equiv of AlEtCl2, respectively. Selectivities for ethylene dimers were slightly
higher when using MAO: 94% (14 in the presence of 100 equiv of MAO) and 90% (14 in the presence
of 6 equiv of AlEtCl2). The selectivities for 1-butene within the C4 fraction were much higher when
using MAO as cocatalyst, with values up to 68% (15 in the presence of 100 equiv of MAO). The fact
that 17, which contains only one tridentate ligand per nickel center, leads to higher activities than 13−16
underlines the importance of the metal center accessibility in the catalytic process.