Quotas and intersectionality: Ethnicity and gender in candidate selection

Celis, Karen; Erzeel, Silvia; Mügge, Liza; Damstra, Alyt

doi:10.1177/0192512113507733

Cited by 97 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Reporting from interviews with party officials in Belgium and the Netherlands, Celis et al (2014) explained how young ethnic-minority women end up being recruited in higher numbers than ethnicminority men exactly because parties are trying to solve this 'intersectional puzzle' of fielding candidates with 'diverse' characteristics.…”

Section: The Political Inclusion Of Women and Ethnic Minoritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, under other circumstances minority-group women have been found to be included in higher numbers than minority-group men, as parties can cash in the 'complementarity bonus' of being able to count someone as both a woman and a minority (Celis et al 2014). Looking at different combinations of quotas, Hughes (2011) found that minority-group women tend to be disadvantaged by single-dimension quotas for women or minorities, but that they are over-represented compared with other women when there are 'tandem' quotas for both women and minorities at the national level.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Competing Inequalities? On the Intersection of Gender and Ethnicity in Candidate Nominations in Indian Elections

Jensenius

2016

Gov. & oppos.

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Quotas for women and ethnic minorities are implemented to increase diversity in political institutions, but, as they usually target only one group at a time, they may end up increasing the inclusion of one under-represented group at the cost of another. Recent work has emphasized the institutional underpinnings of the variation in such outcomes. In this article I show how the intersectional effects of quotas may also vary within the same institutional context, as changes in the pressure to include excluded groups interact with the informal opportunity structures within political parties. Looking at the nomination of female candidates across India over time, I show that, as the efforts to include more women in politics intensified, much of the increase in female candidates occurred in constituencies reserved for ethnic minorities. This pattern may in part be the result of parties resisting changes to existing power hierarchies by nominating women at the cost of the least powerful male politicians, but can also be seen as evidence that minority quotas have created a political space that is more accessible to women.

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Section: The Political Inclusion Of Women and Ethnic Minoritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Competing Inequalities? On the Intersection of Gender and Ethnicity in Candidate Nominations in Indian Elections

Jensenius

2016

Gov. & oppos.

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“…Women's branches usually constitute key nomination organs as well as critical actors in formulating and advocating strategies for improved representation, such as quotas (see, for example, Krook 2009). As previously emphasized by Celis et al (2014), the role of intraparty organization of gender on the one hand and minorities on the other can mediate the impact of affirmative action strategies.…”

Section: Discussion Of Qualitative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Gender Quotas and Ethnic Minority Representation: Swedish Evidence from a Longitudinal Mixed Methods Study

2015

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In this paper, we study the ways in which affirmative action for one political minority, gender quotas, impact on intersectional representation. In a quantitative analysis of detailed panel data from 285 Swedish municipal assemblies, the numerical impact of a zipper placement mandate in Sweden's largest political party, the Social Democratic Party, is analyzed. No evidence that this quota helped, or hindered, the intersectional representation of men or women is found in the short run, but it is found that a weak numerical impact may exist in the long run. A qualitative analysis of party records and interviews with key actors sheds further light on these results. Differences in the norms of representation for women and polyethnic minorities, coupled with weak organizational and practical constraints for formulating policies for the latter, appear to be likely explanations.

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“…A more informal tactic is the pragmatic ''intersectional puzzling'' that occurs in Belgium and the Netherlands as parties seek to increase the diversity of their electoral slates. In these processes, minority women may enjoy a ''complementarity advantage'' because their identity features maximally complement those of incumbents (Celis and Erzeel, 2015;Celis et al, 2014).…”

Section: Intersectional Institutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intersectional institutions

Krook

Nugent

2016

Party Politics

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The political representation of women and ethnic minorities has received growing attention among political parties around the world. Focusing on the British case, we map data and debates concerning the selection of female and minority candidates, highlighting the simultaneous and interactive role of gender and race in shaping citizens' opportunities to stand for and win election. Utilizing data from the Labour Party, our analysis illustrates the implications of distinct strategies to include members of politically marginalized groups-as well as provides evidence for the potential of ''tandem quotas'' to result in positive outcomes for minority women. Taken together, these findings suggest the need for stronger measures on the part of Labour to encourage the selection of minority candidates; a shift from ''single-axis'' to ''multiple-axis'' thinking when devising strategies to enhance group representation; and rejection of a ''zero-sum'' mentality regarding the nomination of female and minority candidates. KeywordsBritish politics, candidate selection, gender and politics, gender quotas, race and politicsIn recent elections, the political representation of women and black, Asian, and minority ethnic (BAME) communities has received growing attention among the three major British political parties. Both groups won a record number of seats in the House of Commons in 2010, resulting in 22.8% female members of parliament (MPs) and 4.2% BAME MPs. These numbers grew again in 2015 to 29.4% women and 6.3% BAME parliamentarians. However, these figures remain far from proportional to these groups' share of the population, standing at 50.9% and 12.9%, respectively.

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Quotas and intersectionality: Ethnicity and gender in candidate selection

Cited by 97 publications

References 31 publications

Competing Inequalities? On the Intersection of Gender and Ethnicity in Candidate Nominations in Indian Elections

Competing Inequalities? On the Intersection of Gender and Ethnicity in Candidate Nominations in Indian Elections

Gender Quotas and Ethnic Minority Representation: Swedish Evidence from a Longitudinal Mixed Methods Study

Intersectional institutions

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