R-130823, a novel inhibitor of p38 MAPK, ameliorates hyperalgesia and swelling in arthritis models

Intestinal immune function, antioxidant status and tight junction proteins mRNA expression in young grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella ) fed riboflavin deficient diet

“…Inflammation was initiated and regulated by inflammatory cytokines [48,49]. In mammals, the over-production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-a and IL-8 have often been correlated with inflammation [50,51]. Anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-b could counteract the production of proinflammatory cytokines and limit inflammatory response in human endothelial cells [52,53].…”

Dietary tryptophan modulates intestinal immune response, barrier function, antioxidant status and gene expression of TOR and Nrf2 in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

“…In fish, the cytokines include pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-a and IL-8, and antiinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10 and TGF-b [71]. In mammals, the down-regulation of TNF-a gene expression or inhibition of IL-8 release ameliorated tissue damage caused by the overreaction of the inflammatory response [72,73]. Meanwhile, the upregulation of IL-10 and TGF-b gene expression corresponds to the attenuation of the inflammatory response [74,75].…”

Infliximab Neutralizes the Suppressive Effect of TNF-&alpha; on Expression of Extracellular-Superoxide Dismutase <i>in Vitro</i>

“…31,32) Indeed, p38 MAPK inhibitor have been reported to reduce the hind paw swelling in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis. 33) p38 MAPK is known to play a role not only in the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-a and interleukin-1 by activating the transcription processes of these cytokines, but also as a signaling molecule of proinflammatory cytokines by itself. In this study, we observed that inhibition of p38 MAPK reversed the suppressive effect on EC-SOD expression triggered by TNF-a.…”