R3: Optimizing relocatable code for efficient reprogramming in networked embedded systems

Dong, Wei; Mo, Biyuan; Huang, Chao; Chen, Chun

doi:10.1109/infcom.2013.6566786

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In recent years, a lot of incremental reprogramming approaches [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] were proposed. The concept of incremental reprogramming is to minimize the communication overhead by merely transmitting the different binary codes between the new and old images.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That may bring about heavy storage burden for upper computer given large-size program image. Dong et al combined the advantages of Zephyr and RMTD and proposed R2 [7] and R3 [8], and both approaches take advantage of relative address codes to initialize reference addresses for improving similarity. In addition, they also modify the RMTD algorithm to reduce the space complexity to ( ).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Now, most of research works about reprogramming focus on how to reduce the communication cost. For example, incremental reprogramming approaches [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] only need to transmit the differences between executing old program image and the new one with less transmission cost than entire new image.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RePage: A Novel Over‐Air Reprogramming Approach Based on Paging Mechanism Applied in Fog Computing

Qiu

Cao

2018

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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In fog computing, fog nodes running different tasks near the sources of data are required. Limited to on-board resource, fog node finds it hard to execute multiple tasks and needs over-air reprogramming to rearrange them. With respect to reprogramming, energy efficiency is one of the key issues for over-air reprogramming. Most of traditional reprogramming approaches focus on the energy efficiency during data transmission within network. However, program rebuilding on fog node is, as another significant energy cost, caused by writing/reading local high-power memory. We present a novel incremental reprogramming approach, RePage, in three stages. Firstly, we design a function paging mechanism that makes similar functions to one function page and caches them in lowpower volatile memory to save energy. Secondly, we design new cache replacement algorithm for function page considering both modification times and range on the page. At last, further reducing writing/reading operations, we also redesign function invocation manner by centralized managing function addresses. Experiment results show that RePage reduces the sum of reading/writing operations on volatile memory by 89.1% and 92.5% compared to EasiCache and Tiny Module-link, and its hit rate is improved by 10.4% to Least Recently Used (LRU) algorithm.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RePage: A Novel Over‐Air Reprogramming Approach Based on Paging Mechanism Applied in Fog Computing

Qiu

Cao

2018

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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“…Previous researches have attempted to reduce the size of transferred data by incremental reprogramming [1,2,4]. The incremental reprogramming uses delta which is the differences between two version of a firmware image.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These tables should be stored into sensor node's memory. R3 [1] uses the firmware that is relocatable code to maximize the similarity between two versions of codes. R3 also has an optimal byte-level delta generation algorithm called R3diff.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive rapid and efficient firmware update for wireless sensor networks

Park

Jeong

Mah

2014

Proceedings of the 2014 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing: Adjunct Publication

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To maintain software of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks efficiently, it is necessary to minimize the size of transferred data in firmware update. We propose a non-invasive rapid and efficient incremental firmware update algorithm called MoRE. In MoRE algorithm, the host transfers only delta, which is the information of different parts between old and new firmware image, to reduce the size of transferred data. The sensor node makes new binary image from its current image and the transferred messages. The MoRE shows comparable performance to previous works without invasive methods. Unlike the previous works, MoRE does not require extra memory for metadata in sensor nodes and does not need to use relocatable code.

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Effective Over-the-Air Reprogramming for Low-Power Devices in Cyber-Physical Systems

Kachman

Baláž

2016

Technological Innovation for Cyber-Physical Systems

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Cyber-physical systems often include sensor devices in their structure. These devices may require firmware updates once deployed and these updates must be energy efficient for battery powered, physically inaccessible sensors. The problem of energy saving reprogramming can be split to four tasks -making old and new firmware versions more similar, generating small delta files using differencing algorithms, propagating delta files and applying updates at the end devices. This paper describes existing approaches dealing with this problem, analyzes their power consumption and introduces new optimizations for differencing algorithms. A new approach is presented that requires no external flash memory, device reboot or complex update agent at the sensor device.

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R3: Optimizing relocatable code for efficient reprogramming in networked embedded systems

Cited by 27 publications

References 16 publications

RePage: A Novel Over‐Air Reprogramming Approach Based on Paging Mechanism Applied in Fog Computing

RePage: A Novel Over‐Air Reprogramming Approach Based on Paging Mechanism Applied in Fog Computing

Non-invasive rapid and efficient firmware update for wireless sensor networks

Effective Over-the-Air Reprogramming for Low-Power Devices in Cyber-Physical Systems

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