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Kort, J.; Turnock, R.

doi:10.1023/a:1006226006785

Cited by 101 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…These relationships, if present within species, would also help guide efforts to select or breed new varieties with appropriate trait combinations to optimize for carbon fixation. Afforestation and the establishment of rapidly growing plantations is one strategy proposed for effective carbon sequestration and (or) production of feedstock for biofuel refineries (Kort and Turnock 1998). Limitations in resources such as water and nitrogen can restrict carbon assimilation and growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic variation in ecophysiological traits of black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa)This article is one of a selection of papers published in the Special Issue on Poplar Research in Canada.

Gornall

Guy

2007

Can. J. Bot.

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Variation in traits related to photosynthesis and water-use were examined within and between geographic sources (provenances) of black cottonwood in two range-wide common garden experiments in British Columbia, Canada. In the first experiment, CO2 assimilation (A), stomatal conductance (gs), instantaneous intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi), stomatal density, specific leaf area, growth height, and foliar N were measured on five 2-year-old trees of 20 clones from five widely separated provenances (i.e., 4 clones per source). Leaf disks were analysed for stable carbon isotope composition (d 13 C) to provide a more long-term measure of WUE. Photosynthetic rate per unit leaf nitrogen was used as a measure of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). A differed between (p < 0.001), but not within provenances, and increased with latitude of origin (R 2 = 0.70). NUE and WUEi also varied between (p = 0.034 and p = 0.039, respectively), but not within provenances. In contrast, no variation among provenances was detected for d 13 C, but there were strong differences between clones within provenances (p < 0.001). Variation in A was well correlated with foliar nitrogen, g s , and stomatal density and adaxial:abaxial distribution ratio; hence, WUEi, d 13 C and NUE were mostly unrelated to latitude or associated climate variables. Species-wide patterns in stomatal density and distribution were confirmed in the second experiment which utilized 140 clones. Stomatal density on the adaxial (but not the abaxial) leaf surface was strongly correlated with latitude (p <0.001). We speculate that northern provenances may have inherently higher A and g s to compensate for shorter growing seasons.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic variation in ecophysiological traits of black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa)This article is one of a selection of papers published in the Special Issue on Poplar Research in Canada.

Gornall

Guy

2007

Can. J. Bot.

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“…Given the increased awareness about shelterbelt carbon sequestration, many studies have been conducted in this regard, across a variety of climatic and edaphic regions, and across different shelterbelt designs, and species mixes [9,10,20,26,29,30,33,34,39,45,72]. The means to quantify carbon sequestration in shelterbelt systems have improved over the years, starting with the use of simple linear relationships and yield tables [73], to more sophisticated, and more accurate methods, using complex modelling frameworks, such as Holos, CBM-CFS3 (Carbon Budget Model for the Canadian Forest Sector) [37,[74][75][76], and 3PG (Physiological Principles Predicting Growth) models [74].…”

Section: Shelterbelt Carbon Sequestration Potential and Stocks Above-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The earliest research on shelterbelt carbon stocks in Canada was carried out by Kort and Turnock [73]. They used destructive sampling techniques to measure shelterbelt tree biomass, and fitted linear models to predict above-ground biomass for different shelterbelt species, ranging from 17 to 90 years, across all soil zones in the Saskatchewan Prairies.…”

Section: Shelterbelt Carbon Sequestration Potential and Stocks Above-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CBM-CFS3 model was originally developed for the Canadian forest industry sector and has been used at various scales of analysis, from stand to landscape levels, to simulate forest stand growth and carbon dynamics. Similarly, 3PG is a hybrid model, designed to model forest growth, which was also adapted for use in shelterbelt systems [73,76]. Amichev et al [74] parametrized 3PG to quantify carbon stocks of white spruce shelterbelts in a large scale study extending across five soil zones in Saskatchewan and spanning several decades of planting, from 1925 to 2009.…”

Section: Shelterbelt Carbon Sequestration Potential and Stocks Above-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aiming to facilitate below-ground carbon estimation, the IPCC recommended below-ground biomass estimations using established relationships with above-ground biomass [55]. Similarly, Kort and Turnock [73] recommended root biomass estimations to be done by considering constant ratios of 40%, 30% and 50% of above-ground biomass for deciduous, coniferous, and shrub shelterbelts, respectively, which were also prescribed by Freedman et al [79] and Grier et al [82]. However, this method is problematic, since root systems vary with species, climatic zone, and environmental conditions within the region [62].…”

Section: Carbon Stocks Below-groundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Above- and Below-Ground Carbon Sequestration in Shelterbelt Trees in Canada: A Review

Mayrinck

Laroque

Amichev

et al. 2019

Forests

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Shelterbelts have been planted around the world for many reasons. Recently, due to increasing awareness of climate change risks, shelterbelt agroforestry systems have received special attention because of the environmental services they provide, including their greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation potential. This paper aims to discuss shelterbelt history in Canada, and the environmental benefits they provide, focusing on carbon sequestration potential, above- and below-ground. Shelterbelt establishment in Canada dates back to more than a century ago, when their main use was protecting the soil, farm infrastructure and livestock from the elements. As minimal-and no-till systems have become more prevalent among agricultural producers, soil has been less exposed and less vulnerable to wind erosion, so the practice of planting and maintaining shelterbelts has declined in recent decades. In addition, as farm equipment has grown in size to meet the demands of larger landowners, shelterbelts are being removed to increase efficiency and machine maneuverability in the field. This trend of shelterbelt removal prevents shelterbelt’s climate change mitigation potential to be fully achieved. For example, in the last century, shelterbelts have sequestered 4.85 Tg C in Saskatchewan. To increase our understanding of carbon sequestration by shelterbelts, in 2013, the Government of Canada launched the Agricultural Greenhouse Gases Program (AGGP). In five years, 27 million dollars were spent supporting technologies and practices to mitigate GHG release on agricultural land, including understanding shelterbelt carbon sequestration and to encourage planting on farms. All these topics are further explained in this paper as an attempt to inform and promote shelterbelts as a climate change mitigation tool on agricultural lands.

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