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Modeling the propagation of a wildfire through a Mediterranean shrub using a multiphase formulation

“…In a bed of pine needles, a moisture content greater than 13% was found to be enough to stop the fire from propagating [13,36]. It is important to note that the semiempirical Rothermel model [4] proposed a threshold moisture content of 30%.…”

Technologies of Physical Monitoring and Mathematical Modeling for Estimation of Ground Forest Fuel Fire Condition

“…The fullest physical and mathematical model of forest fuel layer drying presented in work [14]. Various types of forest fuels in ground cover with heterogeneity of temperature and moisture content distribution considered.…”

“…It is necessary to spend some hours for calculations of machine time on personal computer of IBM PC type that is absolutely not comprehensible and does not allows to use in the near future the given model into practice. The one-dimensional mathematical model of forest fuel drying under the influence of environmental conditions resulted [15]:…”

“…Initial conditions for temperature, and volume moisture content become a volume fraction of dry organic substance [15]:…”

Study of the behaviour of a flame resulting from the combustion of pine needles in a cylindrical basket

“…In a bed of pine needles, a moisture content greater than 13% was found to be enough to stop the fire from propagating [9,13]. It is important to note that the semi-empirical Rothermel model [3] proposed a threshold moisture content of 30%.…”