Rabbits infested with<i>Ixodes ricinus</i>L. adults: effects of a treatment with cyclosporin A on the biology of ticks fed on naive and immune hosts

Girardin, P.; Brossard, Michel

doi:10.1051/parasite/1990655262

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Only ahout half of the egg batches produced larvae. Failures in hatching had been previously observed in infestations of ten female 1. rrciririr aftcr thrcc or four feedings (Bowessijaou or ul.. 1977: Girardin & Brossard, 1990. The tick burden could he a factor influencing the appearance of this phenomcnoni, since it was observed earlier in the high infestation group and was completely absent in the low infestation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in immunity to Ixodes ricinus by rabbits infested at different levels

Schorderet

Brossard

1993

Medical Vet Entomology

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Two groups of rabbits were infested twice with different numbers of Ixodes ricinus adults: one group (high infestation) with twenty-five females and twenty-five males and the other group (low infestation) with five pairs. A third infestation was performed in both groups with fifteen adult pairs. Tick biology was monitored for resistance effects. At the second infestation, the feeding and the egg production were more perturbed in ticks fed on high infestation rabbits. The embryogenesis was only affected in ticks from high infestation rabbits. At the third infestation, resistance was increased only in low infestation rabbits, which became more resistant than high infestation rabbits. The blastogenic response of peripheral blood lymphocytes and antibody production against ticks were assessed. A salivary gland extract and an integumental antigen from I. ricinus adult females were able to initiate lymphocyte proliferation. The response was significantly higher in high infestation rabbits, especially at the end of the second infestation, and higher in low infestation rabbits during the third infestation. Non-specific proliferation with concanavalin A was temporarily decreased in both rabbits groups during the first and the second infestations. Specific antibody response to salivary and integument antigens were always the highest in high infestation rabbits. The involvement of tick-induced immunosuppression is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in immunity to Ixodes ricinus by rabbits infested at different levels

Schorderet

Brossard

1993

Medical Vet Entomology

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“…CsA was dissolved in a mixture of absolute ethanol (100%) and semi-synthetic neutral oil (Miglyol 812, Dynamit Nobel Ag) as recommended by Sandoz AG, Troisdorf, Germany. Rodents received a dose of CsA of 0.5 mg/animal/24 h (Girardin & Brossard 1990) from day -3 to day +4, where day 0 corresponds to the beginning of tick exposure.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clethrionomys glareolus, but not Apodemus flavicollis, acquires resistance to lxodes ricinus L, the main European vector of Borrelia burgdorferi

Dizij

Kurtenbach

1995

Parasite Immunology

130

102

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The European rodents Clethrionomys glareolus (bank vole) and Apodemus flavicollis (yellow-necked-mouse) are important hosts of the tick species Ixodes ricinus, the main European vector of Borrelia burgdorferi. We have addressed the question whether or not these tick hosts develop resistance to I. ricinus larvae. C. glareolus and A. flavicollis were exposed to 40 I. ricinus larvae for five consecutive times at two week intervals. Resistance was tested by the following parameters: percentage of ticks fully engorged, time of attachment, engorgement index, percentage of recovered ticks and proportion of larvae moulting to nymphs. Repeated infestation of C. glareolus resulted in progressive and significant reductions in the percentage of fully engorged ticks, the time of attachment of partially engorged ticks, the scutal index of partially engorged ticks and the moulting success. In contrast, repeatedly infested A. flavicollis did not acquire resistance to larval I. ricinus. Effects of resistance in C. glareolus could be partially disrupted by treatment with the immunosuppressive agent, cyclosporin A (CsA), indicating that T helper cells participate in the immune responses to tick bites. The data suggest that acquired immunity to I. ricinus larvae in C. glareolus is a density-dependent factor regulating natural tick burdens and that it may have an impact on the transmission cycle of B. burgdorferi in Central Europe.

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Acquired resistance in dogs to repeated infestation with Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) reduces tick viability and reproductive success

et al. 1995

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether dogs develop acquired resistance to adult Ixodes scapularis infestation in an experimental model. Five dogs were each infested with ten mating pairs of ticks every week for 7 consecutive weeks, another five dogs were each infested with ten mating pairs once every 2 weeks for 10 weeks and four dogs served as controls not exposed to ticks. All ticks were allowed to feed to repletion and were collected only after dropping from the host. Several variables were measured to determine the extent of blood feeding success. Regression analysis indicated that the engorgement success, survival and mean tick engorgement weight declined with repeated infestation in both groups of dogs (p < 0.05). Tick oviposition as well as the F1 viability declined with each successive infestation in both groups. These results suggest that repeated infestation with I. scapularis elicits a protective immune response against tick feeding and could serve as a limiting factor in the spread and transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi.

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Rabbits infested withIxodes ricinusL. adults: effects of a treatment with cyclosporin A on the biology of ticks fed on naive and immune hosts

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Changes in immunity to Ixodes ricinus by rabbits infested at different levels

Changes in immunity to Ixodes ricinus by rabbits infested at different levels

Clethrionomys glareolus, but not Apodemus flavicollis, acquires resistance to lxodes ricinus L, the main European vector of Borrelia burgdorferi

Acquired resistance in dogs to repeated infestation with Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) reduces tick viability and reproductive success

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