Rabies mass vaccination campaigns in Tunisia: are vaccinated dogs correctly immunized?

Seghaier, Chedia; Cliquet, Florence; Hammami, Salah; Aouina, Thouraya; Tlatli, Aida; Aubert, Michel

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1999.61.879

Cited by 44 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Among the vaccinated dogs, the highest percentage of rabies occurred in those aged between 12 and 24 months (50%) emphasizing the observations already made in an earlier study that only after receiving three or more doses of vaccines in mass campaigns, over consecutive years, the animals will present adequate and durable rabies antibodies levels 11 . Similar results showing the benefits of several vaccinations on the antibody titers were reported by Seghaier et al 9 . To better discuss these data, more information is necessary about the time between the last vaccination and death, the age of first vaccination and the number of doses received during their lifetime, unfortunately however, such information is not available in local records.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Canine rabies epidemiology in Araçatuba and neighborhood, Northwestern São Paulo State - Brazil

Silva

Bissoto

Delbem

et al. 2004

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Canine rabies epidemiology in Araçatuba and neighborhood, Northwestern São Paulo State - Brazil

Silva

Bissoto

Delbem

et al. 2004

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…The authors concluded that puppies should receive a second vaccine dose as a complement of primevaccination to increase the antibodies titers. Similar results were observed in other studies (ALMEIDA et al, 1997;SEGHAIER et al, 1999;SILVA et al, 2009), reinforcing the need for complementation of primary vaccination in those animals receiving the first anti-RABV vaccine.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Vaccine quality, dose, age of primary vaccination, nutritional status, presence of concomitant infections, in addition to the individual immunological capacity may interfere with the indices of vaccine failure (SEGHAIER et al, 1999;ALMEIDA et al, 1997;MORTERS et al, 2014). As these factors were not evaluated in the present study, it is not possible to attribute to any of them the observed unresponsiveness to vaccination in many animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

Antibodies against rabies virus in dogs with and without history of vaccination in Santa Maria - RS - Brazil

et al. 2017

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The present study investigated the frequency and magnitude of neutralizing antibodies to rabies virus (RABV) in dogs with and without historic of vaccination in Santa Maria/RS. Group A included serum samples from 440 dogs with recent historic of vaccination against rabies, obtained during the 2015 rabies vaccination campaign. Group B included 300 serum samples from dogs submitted to the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria in 2015, whose historic of rabies vaccination was unknown. Serum samples were submitted to the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) to detect neutralizing antibodies against RABV. In group A, 70.6% (310/440) of the samples had neutralizing antibody titers ≥0.5 international units per milliliter (IU mL-1), considered an indicative of protection against rabies by the World Health Organization. However, approximately 30% of the dogs did not contain antibodies in adequate levels. In group B, 42.3% (127/300) of the samples contained neutralizing antibody titers ≥0.5IU mL-1 and 57.7% (173/300) were negative or contained titers below of the value considered immunized. These results demonstrate that an important proportion of vaccinated dogs (~30%) did not develop adequate antibody levels, mainly those receiving a single vaccine dose. Serologic testing of animals with unknown historic of vaccination revealed relatively low vaccine coverage in the general dog population. Thus, reformulation of immunization strategies - especially the recommendation of a boost vaccination 30 days after the primary dose - and extension of vaccination campaigns are necessary to reach adequate levels and coverage of immunity against RABV in the canine population.

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“…The rabies vaccines that are produced for dogs in Japan are inactivated, and thus, maternal antibodies do not interfere with the vaccine response in puppies (21). However, maternal antibodies can interfere with the immune response to live attenuated rabies vaccines (22,23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Virus-Neutralizing Antibody Levels and the Number of Rabies Vaccinations: a Prospective Study of Dogs in Japan

et al. 2013

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SUMMARY:A mass rabies vaccination of dogs has been conducted annually in Japan over the last 60 years. To assess both current levels of rabies virus-neutralizing antibody (VNA) in dogs and the rationale for current vaccination procedures, we used a rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test to determine VNA levels in 756 dogs that had visited animal hospitals in Japan. We found that 51.1z of the dogs that had received 1 rabies vaccination had protective VNA levels (AE0.5 IU/ml) with a geometric mean of 0.61 IU/ml. In contrast, 97.8z of the dogs that had been vaccinated at least twice had protective VNA levels with a geometric mean of 7.86 IU/ml. Furthermore, 97.9-100z of the dogs vaccinated at least twice retained protective VNA levels into the second year after the last vaccination. Although VNA levels in the dogs vaccinated at least twice tended to decline 2 years after the last vaccination, 78.9z retained protective VNA levels. Thus, the current rabies vaccination schedule provides adequate protection, but the registration system and vaccination schedule needs to be improved to ensure that increased numbers of dogs are vaccinated against rabies.

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Rabies mass vaccination campaigns in Tunisia: are vaccinated dogs correctly immunized?

Cited by 44 publications

References 12 publications

Canine rabies epidemiology in Araçatuba and neighborhood, Northwestern São Paulo State - Brazil

Canine rabies epidemiology in Araçatuba and neighborhood, Northwestern São Paulo State - Brazil

Antibodies against rabies virus in dogs with and without history of vaccination in Santa Maria - RS - Brazil

Relationship between Virus-Neutralizing Antibody Levels and the Number of Rabies Vaccinations: a Prospective Study of Dogs in Japan

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