Raccoon Spatial Requirements and Multi-Scale Habitat Selection within an Intensively Managed Central Appalachian Forest

Owen, Sheldon F.; Berl, Jacob L.; Edwards, John W.; Ford, W. Mark; Wood, Petra Bohall

doi:10.1674/0003-0031-174.1.87

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Optimized flight-line spacing to ensure that target animals are likely to encounter baits is a critical strategy consideration. Owen et al [ 63 ] estimated raccoon home range size in an undeveloped area as approximately 2.5 km 2 (females) and 4 km 2 (males) in a central Appalachian forest, but urban or suburban raccoon home ranges tend to be much smaller (e.g., average 0.2 km 2 ) if animals do not have to travel far for resources [ 64 ]. In the past, ORV flight-line spacing in the US and Canada varied from 500 to 1500 meters (see Table 1 ).…”

Section: Rabies Management Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management and modeling approaches for controlling raccoon rabies: The road to elimination

et al. 2017

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Rabies is an ancient viral disease that significantly impacts human and animal health throughout the world. In the developing parts of the world, dog bites represent the highest risk of rabies infection to people, livestock, and other animals. However, in North America, where several rabies virus variants currently circulate in wildlife, human contact with the raccoon rabies variant leads to the highest per capita population administration of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) annually. Previous rabies variant elimination in raccoons (Canada), foxes (Europe), and dogs and coyotes (United States) demonstrates that elimination of the raccoon variant from the eastern US is feasible, given an understanding of rabies control costs and benefits and the availability of proper tools. Also critical is a cooperatively produced strategic plan that emphasizes collaborative rabies management among agencies and organizations at the landscape scale. Common management strategies, alone or as part of an integrated approach, include the following: oral rabies vaccination (ORV), trap-vaccinate-release (TVR), and local population reduction. As a complement, mathematical and statistical modeling approaches can guide intervention planning, such as through contact networks, circuit theory, individual-based modeling, and others, which can be used to better understand and predict rabies dynamics through simulated interactions among the host, virus, environment, and control strategy. Strategies derived from this ecological lens can then be optimized to produce a management plan that balances the ecological needs and program financial resources. This paper discusses the management and modeling strategies that are currently used, or have been used in the past, and provides a platform of options for consideration while developing raccoon rabies virus elimination strategies in the US.

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Section: Rabies Management Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management and modeling approaches for controlling raccoon rabies: The road to elimination

et al. 2017

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“…We additionally found two studies with a medium risk of bias providing information on other mammal biodiversity in road verges. One on raccoons Procyon lotor in the United States of America showed that they selected more road habitat than open habitat [75]. And a study on swamp wallabies Wallabia bicolor in Australia showed that their abundance was not statistically different between close to roads and far from roads [30].…”

Section: Is Vertebrate Biodiversity In Lti Verges Equal To Higher Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Can linear transportation infrastructure verges constitute a habitat and/or a corridor for vertebrates in temperate ecosystems? A systematic review

et al. 2020

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Background: Linear transportation infrastructures (roads, railways, oil and gas pipelines, powerlines and waterways) generate well documented fragmenting effects on species habitats. However, the potential of verges of linear transportation infrastructures (road and railway embankments, strips of grass under power lines or above buried pipelines, or waterway banks) as habitat or corridor for biodiversity, remains controversial. In a context of constant loss of natural habitats, the opportunities of anthropogenic areas for compensating the loss of biodiversity they generated have to be considered. This paper is the first synthesis of evidence addressing this topic for vertebrates (mammals, birds, amphibians and reptiles) in temperate ecosystems. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature survey using two online publication databases, three search engines, specialist websites, and by sending a call for literature to subject experts. We successively screened the articles for relevance on titles, abstracts and full texts using criteria detailed in an a priori protocol. We then used six specific questions to categorize the retained studies and to critically appraise them. These questions encompassed the potential of verges as habitats and corridors for vertebrates, and the effects of landscape and management on these potentialities. We critically appraised all studies to assess their risk of bias and created a database of the studies with low and medium risk of bias. We synthesized results for each specific question in narrative syntheses. Finally, studies that met meta-analysis requirements were used for quantitative syntheses. Results: Our initial searches identified 83,565 documents. After critical appraisal, we retained 119 documents that reported 128 studies. Most studies were conducted in Europe (49%) and in the United States of America (22%), and were about mammals (61%) and birds (20%). Results from the narrative synthesis and meta-analyses converged and revealed that the potential of linear transportation infrastructures verges to constitute a habitat for vertebrate species varies according to the infrastructure and the biological group considered. Especially, highway verges may be a refuge for small mammals but seems detrimental to birds. The potential also varied depending on the landscape considered, with urbanisation being related to lower biodiversity hosted by verges. We found a wide variety of verge

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“…Despite the rising of sophisticated models to analyse habitat selection, the pioneering approach by Aebischer et al (1993) is still widely used (e.g. Lashley et al 2015;Owen et al 2015;Rhim et al 2015;Wagner et al 2015). The compositional data analysis by Aebisher et al (1993) has the merit of proceeding at animal level (Fattorini et al 2014): the statistical units are the single animals or, to be more rigorous, the home ranges of the single animals described by the relative percentages of the different cover types.…”

Section: Analysis Of Habitat Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat selection of European pine marten in Central Italy: from a tree dependent to a generalist species

Manzo¹,

Bartolommei²,

Giuliani

et al. 2018

Mamm Res

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Studies at small spatial scale are often fundamental to highlight the behavioural plasticity of a species and thus have important implications for conservation planning, in particular for species usually considered as habitat specialists. We investigated secondorder habitat selection of the European pine marten in an area dominated by deciduous oak forest and open fields in central Italy, by radio-tracking 16 pine martens (eight males, eight females). Pine martens placed home ranges in areas with more open field than in the study area, whereas woodland (oak and conifer forests) comprised a smaller portion of the home range than predominant forest character of the studied area. Although the presence of the species in the open habitats has been documented, to our knowledge, our results provide the first evidence of home range establishment in this cover type by pine marten at population level. The combination of low predation risk and high availability of resources could allow pine martens to occupy open fields in our study area. We highlighted different individual strategies of habitat selection, with some individuals placing home ranges in areas with high forest coverage while others occupying open areas. We found no effects of sex and body condition on habitat selection, and this could indicate that in the study area, both forested and non-forested cover types, such as open fields, shrub and anthropic areas, can provide adequate food, overhead cover and resting sites for all individuals. Pine marten ability to occupy open fields seems thus more related to the behavioural flexibility of the species, rather than to the need to supplement dens and forage from complementary lower quality habitat. The high quality of the Mediterranean continental area studied could also explain the selection of open areas by the pine marten. Our results offer useful information on pine marten ecology and may be helpful for conservation management of this species in southern Europe.

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Raccoon Spatial Requirements and Multi-Scale Habitat Selection within an Intensively Managed Central Appalachian Forest

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

Management and modeling approaches for controlling raccoon rabies: The road to elimination

Management and modeling approaches for controlling raccoon rabies: The road to elimination

Can linear transportation infrastructure verges constitute a habitat and/or a corridor for vertebrates in temperate ecosystems? A systematic review

Habitat selection of European pine marten in Central Italy: from a tree dependent to a generalist species

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