‘Race’ and the construction of the North–South divide amongst Indians in colonial Malaya and Singapore

Rai, Rajesh

doi:10.1080/1479027042000236652

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…57On Dutch training schools in English, see Prager, “From Volkenkunde to Djurusan Antropologi, ” 182.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…88Rajesh Rai explains how Malays used keling as a term for migrant Indians, most of whom came from Tamil speaking areas of south India, and how colonial regimes repurposed the term as shorthand for south Indian, Muslim Tamil speakers. Rai, “Race,” 252–53; however, today “Kling” is usually seen as offensive and not used, see Khoo, The Chulia in Penang, 7–8.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exile, Mobility, and Re-territorialisation in Aceh and Colonial Indonesia

Gedacht¹

2021

Itinerario

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For centuries, trading companies and colonial officials have sought to manipulate indigenous Asian kingdoms by banishing recalcitrant elites, thereby discouraging resistance and ensuring compliance. Less examined by scholars is how colonial officials adapted this tool in their efforts to manage mobility and achieve territorialisation at the turn of the twentieth century. Applying Josiah Heyman and Howard Campbell's framework of “re-territorialisation” to make sense of how states harness mobile flows for the purpose of redrawing boundaries and producing new political spaces, this article will examine Dutch strategies for incorporating the sultanate of Aceh into the Netherlands East Indies. Site of an infamous multi-decade war of insurgency and pacification between 1873 and the early 1900s, this Sumatran kingdom had long resisted imperial subjugation. Dutch authorities eventually moved to complete its elusive ambition of conquest by leveraging distance and forcibly sending Acehnese elites to “training schools” in Java. By fusing exile with pedagogy, colonial officials hoped to transform Acehnese elites into loyal servants of the colonial centre. Rancorous debates about the deposed Acehnese sultan, however, illustrated the limitations of such re-territorialisation schemes and the resiliency of alternative Asian geographies.

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“…57On Dutch training schools in English, see Prager, “From Volkenkunde to Djurusan Antropologi, ” 182.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exile, Mobility, and Re-territorialisation in Aceh and Colonial Indonesia

Gedacht¹

2021

Itinerario

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“…There is far less information on the how Indians in Singapore viewed the relationship between language and cultural identity. Rai (2004) argues that the Indian diaspora in Singapore could be similar to the Indians in India. The author argues that like in India, there exist a North-South divide among Indians in Singapore.…”

Section: Background Information About the Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, assuming that this divide is due primarily to the present divide in India, it is unclear if this divide is maintained in the host country (Singapore). Rai (2004) also claims that identities in diaspora are constantly being refashioned by the local situation.…”

Section: Background Information About the Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Touch’ Your Heritage: An Interactive Installation on Multilingual Identity

Cheryl

Cavallaro

et al. 2015

International Journal of Heritage in the Digital Era

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Using an online and touch screen interface, this paper explores language and cultural identity as a form of intangible heritage. The relationship between language and cultural identity has spawned several studies in various disciplines in the past few decades. This study represents a first attempt at visualising some of the issues relevant to cultural identity discussed by linguists, psychologists and cultural studies experts in an interdisciplinary collaboration between linguists and digital design heritage researchers and computer programmers. For the purpose of this study, an interactive program that centres on the issue of cultural identity, heritage and language was developed to engage participants. Via a touch screen, several prompts and triggers related to culture, identity and heritage were embedded for participants to choose. The engagement includes allowing the participants to emphasize one identity trait over another as well as minimising the less relevant traits. Participants explore their perception of others and themselves via touching and manipulating the onscreen text. These participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire that was designed to elicit their thoughts about the program and on the relationship between cultural identity and language. The findings indicate that the participants considered language to be a crucial element of their identity and heritage though the different ethnic groups attributed different reasons for this response. It affirmed the “Touch my heritage” multilingual identity programme as a successful way to engage participants to think about complex and abstract issues such as culture and identity.

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“…Unlike the case in India, there is no 'Anti-Brahmin' movement in Singapore. While some Anti-Brahmin sentiment was apparent in the 1970s (the heyday of the Dravidian movement in India), the dichotomies emphasised by Indians in Singapore have always been organised along racial (North Indian/South Indian) and linguistic lines (Tamil speaking/Hindi speaking), not caste (Sinha 1993: 839-40;Rai 2004). So, the guilt complex is mainly a private, self-imposed state.…”

Section: Another Remarkedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who is a Brahmin in Singapore?

Parameswaran

Sebastian

2007

Mod. Asian Stud.

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Brahmin identity and community—these are the essentials. Melody cannot be understood except by the notes and spaces that constitute it. So too with the group. To know it, we must understand individuals and their interactions. Failure to do this sacrifices accuracy for simplicity; realities get replaced with poor simulacra of themselves. Consider caste names; are they contested? A common assumption is that they are not.

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‘Race’ and the construction of the North–South divide amongst Indians in colonial Malaya and Singapore

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Exile, Mobility, and Re-territorialisation in Aceh and Colonial Indonesia

Exile, Mobility, and Re-territorialisation in Aceh and Colonial Indonesia

‘Touch’ Your Heritage: An Interactive Installation on Multilingual Identity

Who is a Brahmin in Singapore?

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